cambridge.org
Free website and domain report on cambridge.org
Last Updated: 10th January, 2021 Update Now
Overview
Snoop Summary for cambridge.org
This is a free and comprehensive report about cambridge.org. The domain cambridge.org is currently hosted on a server located in United States with the IP address 204.74.99.103, where USD is the local currency and the local language is English. Our records indicate that cambridge.org is owned/operated by Cambridge University Press. Cambridge.org is expected to earn an estimated $70,285 USD per day from advertising revenue. The sale of cambridge.org would possibly be worth $51,307,993 USD. This figure is based on the daily revenue potential of the website over a 24 month period. Cambridge.org is unbelievably popular with an estimated 7,548,694 daily unique visitors. This report was last updated 10th January, 2021.
About cambridge.org
| Site Preview: |   |
| Title: | Cambridge University Press |
| Description: | Information on the campuses and all areas of the printing press. |
| Keywords and Tags: | bar, business, cambridge, cambridgeshire, colleges, driving, economy, education, england, english to vietnamese, europe, french to english, girl, hi, holiday season, ingles español, persist, popular, publications, publishing, reference, regional, school, shopping, spanish to english, stop, traductor, translate, united kingdom, universities, university of cambridge, university presses, what |
| Related Terms: | campuses |
| Fav Icon: | |
| Age: | Over 25 years old |
| Domain Created: | 18th April, 1998 |
| Domain Updated: | 29th October, 2019 |
| Domain Expires: | 30th December, 2022 |
Review
Snoop Score
5/5 (Perfect!)
Valuation
$51,307,993 USD
Note: All valuation figures are estimates.
Popularity
Worldwide Sensation
Note: Popularity is estimated.
Rank, Reach and Authority
| Alexa Rank: | 361 |
| Alexa Reach: | 0.0001% |
| SEMrush Rank (US): | 54 |
| SEMrush Authority Score: | 81 |
| Moz Domain Authority: | 93 |
| Moz Page Authority: | 63 |
Rank By Country
| Country | Alexa Rank |
|---|---|
 Argentina | 1,384 |
 Australia | 494 |
 Azerbaijan | 355 |
 Bangladesh | 276 |
 Canada | 531 |
 Switzerland | 239 |
 China | 907 |
 Czech Republic | 206 |
 Germany | 575 |
 Algeria | 472 |
 Egypt | 1,042 |
 Spain | 1,557 |
 Ethiopia | 132 |
 France | 990 |
 United Kingdom | 600 |
 Hong Kong | 76 |
 Indonesia | 927 |
 India | 512 |
 Iran, Islamic Republic Of | 467 |
 Italy | 1,555 |
 Japan | 881 |
 Korea Republic Of | 660 |
 Myanmar | 108 |
 Mexico | 1,085 |
 Malaysia | 285 |
 Nigeria | 739 |
 Netherlands | 752 |
 Philippines | 206 |
 Pakistan | 311 |
 Poland | 564 |
 Qatar | 269 |
 Romania | 117 |
 Russian Federation | 522 |
 Saudi Arabia | 397 |
 Singapore | 531 |
 Thailand | 480 |
 Turkey | 444 |
 Taiwan, Province Of China | 113 |
 Ukraine | 452 |
 United States | 1,585 |
 Viet Nam | 121 |
Organic vs Paid (Google Ads)
| Organic | Paid | |
|---|---|---|
| Keywords: | 4,073,059 | 14 |
| Traffic: | 54,817,587 | 1,611 |
| Cost: | $50,229,490 USD | $140 USD |
Traffic
Visitors
| Daily Visitors: | 7,548,694 |
| Monthly Visitors: | 229,758,466 |
| Yearly Visitors: | 2,755,273,310 |
Note: All visitors figures are estimates.
Visitors By Country
| Country | Visitors (Unique) | Percentage |
|---|---|---|
| Argentina | Daily: 45,292 Monthly: 1,378,551 Yearly: 16,531,640 | 0.6% |
| Australia | Daily: 120,779 Monthly: 3,676,135 Yearly: 44,084,373 | 1.6% |
| Azerbaijan | Daily: 105,682 Monthly: 3,216,619 Yearly: 38,573,826 | 1.4% |
| Bangladesh | Daily: 52,841 Monthly: 1,608,309 Yearly: 19,286,913 | 0.7% |
| Canada | Daily: 181,169 Monthly: 5,514,203 Yearly: 66,126,559 | 2.4% |
| Switzerland | Daily: 60,390 Monthly: 1,838,068 Yearly: 22,042,186 | 0.8% |
| China | Daily: 279,302 Monthly: 8,501,063 Yearly: 101,945,112 | 3.7% |
| Czech Republic | Daily: 60,390 Monthly: 1,838,068 Yearly: 22,042,186 | 0.8% |
| Germany | Daily: 196,266 Monthly: 5,973,720 Yearly: 71,637,106 | 2.6% |
| Algeria | Daily: 45,292 Monthly: 1,378,551 Yearly: 16,531,640 | 0.6% |
| Egypt | Daily: 60,390 Monthly: 1,838,068 Yearly: 22,042,186 | 0.8% |
| Spain | Daily: 45,292 Monthly: 1,378,551 Yearly: 16,531,640 | 0.6% |
| Ethiopia | Daily: 37,743 Monthly: 1,148,792 Yearly: 13,776,367 | 0.5% |
| France | Daily: 135,876 Monthly: 4,135,652 Yearly: 49,594,920 | 1.8% |
| United Kingdom | Daily: 143,425 Monthly: 4,365,411 Yearly: 52,350,193 | 1.9% |
| Hong Kong | Daily: 377,435 Monthly: 11,487,923 Yearly: 137,763,666 | 5% |
| Indonesia | Daily: 52,841 Monthly: 1,608,309 Yearly: 19,286,913 | 0.7% |
| India | Daily: 792,613 Monthly: 24,124,639 Yearly: 289,303,698 | 10.5% |
| Iran, Islamic Republic Of | Daily: 226,461 Monthly: 6,892,754 Yearly: 82,658,199 | 3% |
| Italy | Daily: 60,390 Monthly: 1,838,068 Yearly: 22,042,186 | 0.8% |
| Japan | Daily: 377,435 Monthly: 11,487,923 Yearly: 137,763,666 | 5% |
| Korea Republic Of | Daily: 211,363 Monthly: 6,433,237 Yearly: 77,147,653 | 2.8% |
| Myanmar | Daily: 67,938 Monthly: 2,067,826 Yearly: 24,797,460 | 0.9% |
| Mexico | Daily: 98,133 Monthly: 2,986,860 Yearly: 35,818,553 | 1.3% |
| Malaysia | Daily: 90,584 Monthly: 2,757,102 Yearly: 33,063,280 | 1.2% |
| Nigeria | Daily: 60,390 Monthly: 1,838,068 Yearly: 22,042,186 | 0.8% |
| Netherlands | Daily: 45,292 Monthly: 1,378,551 Yearly: 16,531,640 | 0.6% |
| Other | Daily: 1,064,366 Monthly: 32,395,944 Yearly: 388,493,537 | 14.1% |
| Philippines | Daily: 98,133 Monthly: 2,986,860 Yearly: 35,818,553 | 1.3% |
| Pakistan | Daily: 120,779 Monthly: 3,676,135 Yearly: 44,084,373 | 1.6% |
| Poland | Daily: 67,938 Monthly: 2,067,826 Yearly: 24,797,460 | 0.9% |
| Qatar | Daily: 75,487 Monthly: 2,297,585 Yearly: 27,552,733 | 1% |
| Romania | Daily: 98,133 Monthly: 2,986,860 Yearly: 35,818,553 | 1.3% |
| Russian Federation | Daily: 226,461 Monthly: 6,892,754 Yearly: 82,658,199 | 3% |
| Saudi Arabia | Daily: 90,584 Monthly: 2,757,102 Yearly: 33,063,280 | 1.2% |
| Singapore | Daily: 60,390 Monthly: 1,838,068 Yearly: 22,042,186 | 0.8% |
| Thailand | Daily: 52,841 Monthly: 1,608,309 Yearly: 19,286,913 | 0.7% |
| Turkey | Daily: 135,876 Monthly: 4,135,652 Yearly: 49,594,920 | 1.8% |
| Taiwan, Province Of China | Daily: 573,701 Monthly: 17,461,643 Yearly: 209,400,772 | 7.6% |
| Ukraine | Daily: 45,292 Monthly: 1,378,551 Yearly: 16,531,640 | 0.6% |
| United States | Daily: 588,798 Monthly: 17,921,160 Yearly: 214,911,318 | 7.8% |
| Viet Nam | Daily: 218,912 Monthly: 6,662,996 Yearly: 79,902,926 | 2.9% |
Note: All visitors figures are estimates.
Revenue
Revenue
| Daily Revenue: | $70,285 USD |
| Monthly Revenue: | $2,139,251 USD |
| Yearly Revenue: | $25,653,991 USD |
Note: All revenue figures are estimates.
Revenue By Country
| Country | Revenue | Percentage |
|---|---|---|
| Argentina | Daily: $16 USD Monthly: $485 USD Yearly: $5,820 USD | <0.1% |
| Australia | Daily: $565 USD Monthly: $17,196 USD Yearly: $206,218 USD | 0.8% |
| Azerbaijan | Daily: $14 USD Monthly: $416 USD Yearly: $4,984 USD | <0.1% |
| Bangladesh | Daily: $36 USD Monthly: $1,088 USD Yearly: $13,048 USD | 0.1% |
| Canada | Daily: $1,254 USD Monthly: $38,180 USD Yearly: $457,850 USD | 1.8% |
| Switzerland | Daily: $130 USD Monthly: $3,958 USD Yearly: $47,466 USD | 0.2% |
| China | Daily: $1,133 USD Monthly: $34,493 USD Yearly: $413,646 USD | 1.6% |
| Czech Republic | Daily: $15 USD Monthly: $445 USD Yearly: $5,336 USD | <0.1% |
| Germany | Daily: $2,014 USD Monthly: $61,311 USD Yearly: $735,241 USD | 2.9% |
| Algeria | Daily: $11 USD Monthly: $329 USD Yearly: $3,941 USD | <0.1% |
| Egypt | Daily: $19 USD Monthly: $566 USD Yearly: $6,783 USD | <0.1% |
| Spain | Daily: $109 USD Monthly: $3,313 USD Yearly: $39,730 USD | 0.2% |
| Ethiopia | Daily: $7 USD Monthly: $206 USD Yearly: $2,466 USD | <0.1% |
| France | Daily: $772 USD Monthly: $23,512 USD Yearly: $281,961 USD | 1.1% |
| United Kingdom | Daily: $1,827 USD Monthly: $55,601 USD Yearly: $666,770 USD | 2.6% |
| Hong Kong | Daily: $190 USD Monthly: $5,774 USD Yearly: $69,247 USD | 0.3% |
| Indonesia | Daily: $142 USD Monthly: $4,312 USD Yearly: $51,708 USD | 0.2% |
| India | Daily: $9,074 USD Monthly: $276,198 USD Yearly: $3,312,177 USD | 12.9% |
| Iran, Islamic Republic Of | Daily: $0 USD Monthly: $0 USD Yearly: $0 USD | <0.1% |
| Italy | Daily: $142 USD Monthly: $4,309 USD Yearly: $51,678 USD | 0.2% |
| Japan | Daily: $731 USD Monthly: $22,249 USD Yearly: $266,813 USD | 1% |
| Korea Republic Of | Daily: $720 USD Monthly: $21,926 USD Yearly: $262,939 USD | 1% |
| Myanmar | Daily: $8 USD Monthly: $255 USD Yearly: $3,060 USD | <0.1% |
| Mexico | Daily: $99 USD Monthly: $3,020 USD Yearly: $36,219 USD | 0.1% |
| Malaysia | Daily: $130 USD Monthly: $3,952 USD Yearly: $47,396 USD | 0.2% |
| Nigeria | Daily: $59 USD Monthly: $1,798 USD Yearly: $21,561 USD | 0.1% |
| Netherlands | Daily: $148 USD Monthly: $4,504 USD Yearly: $54,013 USD | 0.2% |
| Other | Daily: $0 USD Monthly: $0 USD Yearly: $0 USD | <0.1% |
| Philippines | Daily: $150 USD Monthly: $4,553 USD Yearly: $54,601 USD | 0.2% |
| Pakistan | Daily: $192 USD Monthly: $5,859 USD Yearly: $70,260 USD | 0.3% |
| Poland | Daily: $57 USD Monthly: $1,746 USD Yearly: $20,937 USD | 0.1% |
| Qatar | Daily: $14 USD Monthly: $422 USD Yearly: $5,066 USD | <0.1% |
| Romania | Daily: $34 USD Monthly: $1,043 USD Yearly: $12,511 USD | <0.1% |
| Russian Federation | Daily: $159 USD Monthly: $4,842 USD Yearly: $58,065 USD | 0.2% |
| Saudi Arabia | Daily: $80 USD Monthly: $2,438 USD Yearly: $29,236 USD | 0.1% |
| Singapore | Daily: $48 USD Monthly: $1,457 USD Yearly: $17,476 USD | 0.1% |
| Thailand | Daily: $47 USD Monthly: $1,446 USD Yearly: $17,337 USD | 0.1% |
| Turkey | Daily: $190 USD Monthly: $5,791 USD Yearly: $69,448 USD | 0.3% |
| Taiwan, Province Of China | Daily: $186 USD Monthly: $5,673 USD Yearly: $68,031 USD | 0.3% |
| Ukraine | Daily: $14 USD Monthly: $421 USD Yearly: $5,043 USD | <0.1% |
| United States | Daily: $49,527 USD Monthly: $1,507,453 USD Yearly: $18,077,437 USD | 70.5% |
| Viet Nam | Daily: $220 USD Monthly: $6,710 USD Yearly: $80,472 USD | 0.3% |
Note: All revenue figures are estimates.
SEO
Backlinks Analysis (SEMrush)
| Backlinks: | 30,697,691 |
| Referring Domains: | 153,910 |
| Referring IPs: | 137,627 |
Cambridge.org has 30,697,691 backlinks according to SEMrush. 89% of these backlinks are "dofollow" (follow) links which allow the flow of link equity to pass through, which may improve cambridge.org's search engine rankings. Other links are treated as 'hints' by search engines and may also pass link equity, depending on what search engines decide in each case.
99% of cambridge.org's backlinks are text and image links, which are ideal for SEO. Other backlink types may be unrecognized or ignored by search engines.
Top New Follow Links
1
Source: https://www.elsevier.com/connect/coronavirus-information-center
Target: https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/F6386E2DB9FCE5C35EEF313E2210F39E/S148180352000353Xa.pdf/just_the_facts_airway_management_during_the_covid19_pandemic.pdf
2
Source: https://www.elsevier.com/connect/coronavirus-information-center
Target: https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/infection-control-and-hospital-epidemiology/article/unprecedented-solutions-for-extraordinary-times-helping-longterm-care-settings-deal-with-the-covid19-pandemic/8947958D98AA154B70A52CC3CD1129B8
3
Source: https://www.elsevier.com/connect/coronavirus-information-center
Target: https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/disaster-medicine-and-public-health-preparedness/article/roadblocks-to-infection-prevention-efforts-in-healthcare-sarscov2covid19-response/60DD665F7A89B5DD3A95F16D19839C02
4
Source: https://www.nweurope.eu/projects/project-search/codex4smes-companion-diagnostics-expedited-for-smes/undefined
Target: https://www.cambridge.org/core/browse-subjects/medicine/coronavirus-free-access-collection
5
Source: https://www.nweurope.eu/projects/project-search/codex4smes-companion-diagnostics-expedited-for-smes/undefined
Target: http://www.cambridge.org/about-us/covid-19/
Top Ranking Keywords (US)
1
Keyword: translate
Ranked Page: https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/translate/
2
Keyword: driving
Ranked Page: https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/driving
3
Keyword: bar
Ranked Page: https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/bar
4
Keyword: spanish to english
Ranked Page: https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english-spanish/
5
Keyword: traductor
Ranked Page: https://dictionary.cambridge.org/translate/
Domain Analysis
| Value | Length | |
|---|---|---|
| Domain: | cambridge.org | 13 |
| Domain Name: | cambridge | 9 |
| Extension (TLD): | org | 3 |
| Expiry Check: | |
Page Speed Analysis
| Average Load Time: | 1.43 seconds |
| Load Time Comparison: | Faster than 59% of sites |
PageSpeed Insights
Avg. (All Categories)
Performance
Accessibility
Best Practices
SEO
Progressive Web App
0–49 (Fail) 50–89 (Average) 90–100 (Pass) 
URL: https://www.cambridge.org/
Updated: 10th January, 2021
1.63 seconds
First Contentful Paint (FCP)
0.00 seconds
First Input Delay (FID) Simulate loading on desktop
Performance
Indicates how well the page is performing and highlights opportunities where performance may be improved for cambridge.org. This includes details about optimizing page load times which can result in a better user experience.Metrics
Speed Index — 1.3 s The time taken for the page contents to be visibly populated.
Time to Interactive — 2.0 s The time taken for the page to become fully interactive.
Total Blocking Time — 0 ms The total blocking time is the sum of all time periods between First Contentful Paint and Time to Interactive (when task length exceeded 50ms).
Cumulative Layout Shift — 0.001 Cumulative Layout Shift is the measurement of visible elements collective movement within the viewport.
View Data
Other
First CPU Idle — 2.0 s The time taken for the page's main thread to be quiet enough to handle input.
Max Potential First Input Delay — 40 ms Users could experience a delay when interacting with the page.
Estimated Input Latency — 10 ms The time taken for the page to respond to user input (during the busiest 5 second window of page load). Users are likely to perceive cambridge.org as laggy when the latency is higher than 0.05 seconds.
Network Requests Below is a list of network requests that were made during page load.
| URL | Start Time (Ms) | End Time (Ms) | Transfer Size (Bytes) | Resource Size (Bytes) | Status Code | MIME Type | Resource Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| http://cambridge.org/ | 0 | 40.92299984768 | 163 | 0 | 302 | ||
| http://cambridge.org/ | 41.421999689192 | 69.474999792874 | 148 | 0 | 302 | ||
| http://cambridge.org/ | 69.941999856383 | 111.8299998343 | 163 | 0 | 302 | ||
| http://cambridge.org/ | 112.33299970627 | 148.04799994454 | 163 | 0 | 302 | ||
| http://cambridge.org/ | 148.48899981007 | 176.65799986571 | 271 | 0 | 302 | text/html | |
| https://www.cambridge.org/ | 177.06999974325 | 604.09400006756 | 15341 | 57722 | 200 | text/html | Document |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/google_tag/drupal/google_tag.script.js?qe7xjx | 619.09499997273 | 840.18900012597 | 1026 | 348 | 200 | application/javascript | Script |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/css/css_9m8-tA3IQf8ThlLQYTTZUyEweCvyR908Tg0XCbKYOfY.css | 619.27799973637 | 692.34499987215 | 2642 | 6731 | 200 | text/css | Stylesheet |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/css/css_eJef8fY2h_MxIqmF74vo7jzNlEm6PST8sV4Ni-rHv38.css | 619.45200012997 | 672.45099972934 | 14518 | 93690 | 200 | text/css | Stylesheet |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/inline-images/ql_core.svg | 625.23100012913 | 665.86899990216 | 7188 | 15754 | 200 | image/svg+xml | Image |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/inline-images/ql_education.svg | 625.59300009161 | 660.73399968445 | 5262 | 11669 | 200 | image/svg+xml | Image |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/inline-images/ql_authorhub.svg | 625.73600001633 | 686.35099986568 | 3033 | 5929 | 200 | image/svg+xml | Image |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/inline-images/cam-one%20%284%29.svg | 625.84199989215 | 671.25999974087 | 51123 | 71001 | 200 | image/svg+xml | Image |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/inline-images/ql_bibles.svg | 626.09299970791 | 677.29200003669 | 3678 | 6670 | 200 | image/svg+xml | Image |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/inline-images/Group%20421.svg | 626.26100005582 | 688.54099977762 | 103993 | 301431 | 200 | image/svg+xml | Image |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/inline-images/ql_elevate.svg | 626.48999970406 | 702.89100008085 | 4919 | 11056 | 200 | image/svg+xml | Image |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/inline-images/newsroom%20%282%29.svg | 626.61999976262 | 678.25899971649 | 1761 | 2221 | 200 | image/svg+xml | Image |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/images/cup-logo-transparent_b.svg | 626.71400001273 | 682.25699989125 | 45741 | 123312 | 200 | image/svg+xml | Image |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/images/ic_fb.svg | 626.88100012019 | 680.80099998042 | 958 | 305 | 200 | image/svg+xml | Image |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/images/ic_tw.svg | 627.01499974355 | 677.78000002727 | 1157 | 948 | 200 | image/svg+xml | Image |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/images/ic_yt.svg | 627.18999991193 | 667.83999977633 | 1051 | 643 | 200 | image/svg+xml | Image |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/images/ic_li.svg | 627.31299968436 | 689.73199976608 | 1053 | 617 | 200 | image/svg+xml | Image |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/images/ic_ig.svg | 627.42799986154 | 668.10599993914 | 1464 | 2007 | 200 | image/svg+xml | Image |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/images/ic_close.svg | 627.57699983194 | 695.80300012603 | 950 | 354 | 200 | image/svg+xml | Image |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/images/ic_external-link.svg | 627.67700012773 | 684.30199986324 | 917 | 261 | 200 | image/svg+xml | Image |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/js/js_S35mPRv_YC0mHBLkf5rafDj4J5bfz8NAGdXQIIuohFE.js | 624.98699966818 | 676.56200006604 | 54715 | 181764 | 200 | text/javascript | Script |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/images/global-nav.svg | 714.49599973857 | 763.2909999229 | 75792 | 247846 | 200 | image/svg+xml | Image |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/fonts/CambridgeSans-Regular.otf | 720.2929998748 | 769.5569996722 | 217930 | 217244 | 200 | application/octet-stream | Font |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/images/ic_dropdown.svg | 721.94600012153 | 795.63000006601 | 922 | 262 | 200 | image/svg+xml | Image |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/images/ic_search.svg | 722.39999985322 | 788.17999968305 | 1043 | 607 | 200 | image/svg+xml | Image |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/images/announcement-desktop_0.gif | 722.88700006902 | 780.04499990493 | 60865 | 60156 | 200 | image/gif | Image |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/images/ic_academic.svg | 723.6369997263 | 798.11500012875 | 1026 | 532 | 200 | image/svg+xml | Image |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/images/ic_academic_w.svg | 723.8570000045 | 749.37100009993 | 1024 | 532 | 200 | image/svg+xml | Image |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/images/ic_elt.svg | 724.37800001353 | 762.42400007322 | 1001 | 431 | 200 | image/svg+xml | Image |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/images/ic_elt_w.svg | 724.61399994791 | 773.83799990639 | 1000 | 431 | 200 | image/svg+xml | Image |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/images/ic_education.svg | 724.89199973643 | 768.05000007153 | 1126 | 963 | 200 | image/svg+xml | Image |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/images/ic_education_w.svg | 725.05099978298 | 759.221999906 | 1124 | 963 | 200 | image/svg+xml | Image |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/images/grammar-in-use-hero-wide-2_3.jpg | 725.43200012296 | 895.50499990582 | 127180 | 126454 | 200 | image/jpeg | Image |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/images/black-bg.jpg | 726.07699967921 | 761.63899991661 | 14479 | 13754 | 200 | image/jpeg | Image |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/images/dictionary-desktop.gif | 726.56699968502 | 839.76299967617 | 40707 | 39998 | 200 | image/gif | Image |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/images/journals-hero.png | 726.9109999761 | 761.16799982265 | 147793 | 147083 | 200 | image/png | Image |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/images/brighter-thinking-blog-hero.jpg | 727.26799966767 | 779.41800002009 | 59155 | 58430 | 200 | image/jpeg | Image |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/images/world-of-better-learning-hero.jpg | 727.67299972475 | 771.32700011134 | 144972 | 144246 | 200 | image/jpeg | Image |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/images/partnership-for-education-hero.jpg | 727.89700003341 | 854.5669997111 | 106995 | 106269 | 200 | image/jpeg | Image |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/images/spriteCorporate.svg | 730.76099995524 | 797.19999991357 | 44778 | 160301 | 200 | image/svg+xml | Image |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/fonts/CambridgeSans-Medium.otf | 731.33499966934 | 1012.4260000885 | 221411 | 220724 | 200 | application/octet-stream | Font |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/fonts/SourceSansPro-Regular.ttf | 732.4569998309 | 893.27299967408 | 150659 | 149972 | 200 | application/octet-stream | Font |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/fonts/CambridgeSans-Light.otf | 733.77799987793 | 964.51500011608 | 217495 | 216808 | 200 | application/octet-stream | Font |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/fonts/CambridgeSans-LightItalic.otf | 734.40399998799 | 770.31400008127 | 79905 | 79220 | 200 | application/octet-stream | Font |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/fonts/CambridgeSans-Semibold.otf | 735.175000038 | 1030.6009999476 | 223146 | 222460 | 200 | application/octet-stream | Font |
| https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=GTM-MXMG453 | 927.20199981704 | 979.37799990177 | 78804 | 470101 | 200 | application/javascript | Script |
| https://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js | 1070.1019996777 | 1073.8059999421 | 19452 | 47051 | 200 | text/javascript | Script |
| https://script.crazyegg.com/pages/scripts/0023/2529.js?447292 | 1075.5819999613 | 1137.6709998585 | 1852 | 0 | 403 | text/html | Script |
| https://www.google-analytics.com/plugins/ua/ec.js | 1145.9709997289 | 1148.6220001243 | 1908 | 2779 | 200 | text/javascript | Script |
| https://www.google-analytics.com/j/collect?v=1&_v=j87&a=1095683747&t=pageview&_s=1&dl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cambridge.org%2F&ul=en-us&de=UTF-8&dt=Home%20%7C%20Cambridge%20University%20Press&sd=24-bit&sr=800x600&vp=1350x940&je=0&_u=YEBAAEALQAAAAC~&jid=2049884492&gjid=1600575687&cid=133738864.1610252660&tid=UA-39106122-2&_gid=387959885.1610252660&_r=1>m=2wgbu0MXMG453&z=1527109704 | 1165.5379999429 | 1168.811999727 | 626 | 2 | 200 | text/plain | XHR |
| https://stats.g.doubleclick.net/j/collect?t=dc&aip=1&_r=3&v=1&_v=j87&tid=UA-39106122-2&cid=133738864.1610252660&jid=2049884492&gjid=1600575687&_gid=387959885.1610252660&_u=YEBAAEAKQAAAAC~&z=283364971 | 1187.5939997844 | 1191.5449998342 | 699 | 2 | 200 | text/plain | XHR |
| https://w.usabilla.com/056d150c3d99.js?lv=1 | 1202.4380001239 | 1277.8559997678 | 194 | 0 | 204 | text/javascript | Script |
| https://script.crazyegg.com/pages/scripts/0023/2529.js?447292 | 1203.211999964 | 1227.171999868 | 1852 | 0 | 403 | text/html | Script |
| https://stats.g.doubleclick.net/j/collect?t=dc&aip=1&_r=3&v=1&_v=j87&tid=UA-39106122-9&cid=133738864.1610252660&jid=1536475402&gjid=1240435896&_gid=387959885.1610252660&_u=aGDAgEALQAAAAG~&z=431740183 | 1209.7419998609 | 1212.8280000761 | 699 | 2 | 200 | text/plain | XHR |
| https://www.google-analytics.com/gtm/js?id=GTM-MSRRC2B&t=gtm8&cid=133738864.1610252660 | 1216.6359997354 | 1241.1919999868 | 35350 | 89084 | 200 | application/javascript | Script |
| https://www.google-analytics.com/collect?v=1&_v=j87&a=1095683747&t=pageview&_s=1&dl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cambridge.org%2F&ul=en-us&de=UTF-8&dt=Home%20%7C%20Cambridge%20University%20Press&sd=24-bit&sr=800x600&vp=1350x940&je=0&_u=aGDAgEALQAAAAC~&jid=1536475402&gjid=1240435896&cid=133738864.1610252660&tid=UA-39106122-9&_gid=387959885.1610252660>m=2wgbu0MXMG453&cd8=n%2Fa&z=382137552 | 1217.0639997348 | 1219.7969998233 | 607 | 35 | 200 | image/gif | Image |
| https://www.google.com/ads/ga-audiences?t=sr&aip=1&_r=4&slf_rd=1&v=1&_v=j87&tid=UA-39106122-2&cid=133738864.1610252660&jid=2049884492&_u=YEBAAEAKQAAAAC~&z=1311481347 | 1221.4440000243 | 1228.524999693 | 683 | 42 | 200 | image/gif | Image |
| https://www.google.com/ads/ga-audiences?t=sr&aip=1&_r=4&slf_rd=1&v=1&_v=j87&tid=UA-39106122-9&cid=133738864.1610252660&jid=1536475402&_u=aGDAgEALQAAAAG~&z=1466336014 | 1224.5149998926 | 1232.1150000207 | 683 | 42 | 200 | image/gif | Image |
| https://js-agent.newrelic.com/nr-1184.min.js | 1253.887000028 | 1271.4450000785 | 11248 | 27995 | 200 | application/javascript | Script |
| https://bam.nr-data.net/1/NRJS-3c6678555d21f1ff575?a=529022142&v=1184.ab39b52&to=ZVQBMhZYD0cCUUYPDlweIgUQUA5aTHZAExFTXT8QDVwWRz9gXRMVW18EOjJQBEMzU1UDIl1fFxQLVQ1RER8MDgBcVQ8D&rst=1281&ck=1&ref=https://www.cambridge.org/&ap=82&be=623&fe=1254&dc=928&perf=%7B%22timing%22:%7B%22of%22:1610252658353,%22n%22:0,%22f%22:178,%22dn%22:178,%22dne%22:178,%22c%22:178,%22ce%22:178,%22rq%22:178,%22rp%22:606,%22rpe%22:606,%22dl%22:611,%22di%22:826,%22ds%22:928,%22de%22:935,%22dc%22:1254,%22l%22:1254,%22le%22:1256%7D,%22navigation%22:%7B%7D%7D&fp=814&fcp=814&at=SRMCRF5CHEk%3D&jsonp=NREUM.setToken | 1281.9729996845 | 1313.6149998754 | 275 | 57 | 200 | text/javascript | Script |
Network Round Trip Times — 0 ms High Network RTT (Round Trip Times) can have a large impact on performance. Providing servers geographically closer to the user could improve performance.
Server Backend Latencies — 0 ms High server latencies indicate the server is overloaded or has a poor backend performance.
Tasks Below is a list of the top-level main thread tasks that executed during page load.
| Start Time (Ms) | End Time (Ms) |
|---|---|
| 633.646 | 8.343 |
| 644.85 | 14.033 |
| 687.744 | 8.691 |
| 704.126 | 8.647 |
| 734.49 | 82.143 |
| 818.857 | 32.646 |
| 880.25 | 8.009 |
| 888.829 | 11.093 |
| 909.333 | 12.568 |
| 924.222 | 18.596 |
| 943.735 | 8.726 |
| 952.633 | 7.863 |
| 972.786 | 19.219 |
| 995.851 | 17.397 |
| 1015.257 | 5.436 |
| 1029.645 | 18.03 |
| 1048.571 | 25.801 |
| 1084.471 | 39.081 |
| 1123.707 | 14.088 |
| 1142.625 | 20.14 |
| 1167.236 | 29.335 |
| 1196.847 | 6.241 |
| 1216.687 | 12.115 |
| 1231.047 | 12.472 |
| 1274.302 | 5.022 |
| 1299.489 | 9.009 |
Opportunities
Properly size images Images can slow down the page's load time. Cambridge.org should consider serving more appropriate-sized images.
Defer offscreen images Time to Interactive can be slowed down by resources on the page. Cambridge.org should consider lazy-loading offscreen and hidden images.
Minify CSS Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) files can contribute to network payload sizes. Cambridge.org should consider minifying CSS files.
Minify JavaScript — Potential savings of 10 KiB JavaScript (JS) files can contribute to network payload sizes and increase script parse times. Cambridge.org should consider minifying JS files.
| URL | Transfer Size (Bytes) | Potential Savings (Bytes) |
|---|---|---|
| https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=GTM-MXMG453 | 78804 | 10034 |
Remove unused CSS — Potential savings of 10 KiB Dead and/or unused rules in Style Sheets (CSS) can contribute to network payload sizes. Cambridge.org should consider removing dead rules from style sheets and deferring the loading of CSS not used for above-the-fold content.
| URL | Transfer Size (Bytes) | Potential Savings (Bytes) |
|---|---|---|
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/css/css_eJef8fY2h_MxIqmF74vo7jzNlEm6PST8sV4Ni-rHv38.css | 14518 | 10304 |
Remove unused JavaScript — Potential savings of 58 KiB It is advised to remove unused JavaScript in order to reduce bytes consumed by network activity.
| URL | Transfer Size (Bytes) | Potential Savings (Bytes) |
|---|---|---|
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/js/js_S35mPRv_YC0mHBLkf5rafDj4J5bfz8NAGdXQIIuohFE.js | 54715 | 35594 |
| https://www.google-analytics.com/gtm/js?id=GTM-MSRRC2B&t=gtm8&cid=133738864.1610252660 | 35350 | 24067 |
Efficiently encode images — Potential savings of 10 KiB Unoptimized images can consume more cellular data than what is necessary.
| URL | Resource Size (Bytes) | Potential Savings (Bytes) |
|---|---|---|
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/images/black-bg.jpg | 13754 | 10620 |
Serve images in next-gen formats — Potential savings of 87 KiB Image formats like PNG and JPEG have poor compression when compared to other next-gen formats, such as JPEG 200, JPEG XR and WebP.
| URL | Resource Size (Bytes) | Potential Savings (Bytes) |
|---|---|---|
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/images/world-of-better-learning-hero.jpg | 144246 | 55342 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/images/brighter-thinking-blog-hero.jpg | 58430 | 21206 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/images/black-bg.jpg | 13754 | 12828 |
Enable text compression Text-based resources should be served with compression, such as gzip, deflate or brotli.
Preconnect to required origins Resource hints, such as 'preconnect' or 'dns-prefetch', may assist in establishing early connections to important third-party origins.
Initial server response time was short — Root document took 430 ms It is advised to keep the server response time short for the main document, because all other requests depend on it.
| URL | Time Spent (Ms) |
|---|---|
| https://www.cambridge.org/ | 428.02 |
Avoid multiple page redirects — Potential savings of 70 ms Redirects can cause additional delays before the page can begin loading. Cambridge.org should avoid multiple or unnecessary page redirects.
| URL | Time Spent (Ms) |
|---|---|
| http://cambridge.org/ | 0 |
| http://cambridge.org/ | 0 |
| http://cambridge.org/ | 0 |
| http://cambridge.org/ | 0 |
| http://cambridge.org/ | 70 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/ | 0 |
Use video formats for animated content Large GIFs are inefficient for delivering animated content. It is recommended to use MPEG4/WebM videos for animations and PNG/WebP for static images instead of GIF.
Remove duplicate modules in JavaScript bundles Ensure that no duplicate JavaScript modules from bundles exist to reduce bytes consumed by network activity.
Avoid serving legacy JavaScript to modern browsers Polyfills and transforms enable legacy browsers to use new JavaScript features. For bundled JavaScript it is recommended to adopt a modern script deployment strategy using module/nomodule feature detection. This will reduce the amount of code shipped to modern browsers.
Diagnostics
Avoids enormous network payloads — Total size was 2,363 KiB Large network payloads can cost users money and are linked to long load times.
| URL | Transfer Size (Bytes) |
|---|---|
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/fonts/CambridgeSans-Semibold.otf | 223146 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/fonts/CambridgeSans-Medium.otf | 221411 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/fonts/CambridgeSans-Regular.otf | 217930 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/fonts/CambridgeSans-Light.otf | 217495 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/fonts/SourceSansPro-Regular.ttf | 150659 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/images/journals-hero.png | 147793 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/images/world-of-better-learning-hero.jpg | 144972 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/images/grammar-in-use-hero-wide-2_3.jpg | 127180 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/images/partnership-for-education-hero.jpg | 106995 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/inline-images/Group%20421.svg | 103993 |
Avoids an excessive DOM size — 433 elements A large DOM (Document Object Model) will increase memory usage, cause longer system calculations as well as costly layout reflows.
| Statistic | Element | Value |
|---|---|---|
| Total DOM Elements | 433 | |
| Maximum DOM Depth | 13 | |
| Maximum Child Elements | 18 |
Avoid chaining critical requests — 8 chains found Below is a list of Critical Request Chains, which shows which resources are loaded with a high priority. Cambridge.org should consider reducing the length of chains, reducing the download size of resources, or deferring the download of unnecessary resources to improve page load.
User Timing marks and measures Make use of the User Timing API to measure an app's real-world performance during key user experiences.
JavaScript execution time — 0.1 s JavaScript (JS) execution time can be lowered by reducing the time required for parsing, compiling and executing JS. Delivering smaller JS payloads may help with this.
| URL | Total CPU Time (Ms) | Script Evaluation (Ms) | Script Parse (Ms) |
|---|---|---|---|
| https://www.cambridge.org/ | 210.859 | 7.125 | 1.813 |
| Unattributable | 164.143 | 4.073 | 0.136 |
| https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=GTM-MXMG453 | 115.953 | 96.346000000001 | 11.743 |
Minimizes main-thread work — 0.6 s Main-thread work timing can be lowered by reducing the time required for parsing, compiling and executing JS. Delivering smaller JS payloads may help with this.
| Category | Time Spent (Ms) |
|---|---|
| Script Evaluation | 202.11699999999 |
| Other | 160.941 |
| Style & Layout | 138.998 |
| Rendering | 63.168 |
| Script Parsing & Compilation | 27.203 |
| Parse HTML & CSS | 16.258 |
| Garbage Collection | 4.318 |
Keep request counts low and transfer sizes small — 65 requests • 2,363 KiB It is advised to add a budgets.json file in order to set budgets for the quantity and size of page resources.
| Resource Type | Requests | Transfer Size (Bytes) |
|---|---|---|
| Total | 65 | 2419858 |
| Font | 6 | 1110546 |
| Image | 37 | 1067203 |
| Script | 11 | 206676 |
| Stylesheet | 2 | 17160 |
| Document | 1 | 15341 |
| Other | 8 | 2932 |
| Media | 0 | 0 |
| Third-party | 15 | 154932 |
Minimize third-party usage — Third-party code blocked the main thread for 0 ms It is advised to either limit, remove or delay the loading of redundant third-party code which may be significantly impacting load performance.
| Third-Party | Transfer Size (Bytes) | Main-Thread Blocking Time (Ms) |
|---|---|---|
| 78804 | 0 | |
| 57943 | 0 | |
| 11523 | 0 | |
| 3704 | 0 | |
| 1398 | 0 | |
| 1366 | 0 | |
| 194 | 0 |
Largest Contentful Paint element — 1 element found The element which was identified as the Largest Contentful Paint.
| Element |
|---|
Avoid large layout shifts — 5 elements found Below is a list of all DOM elements that contribute to the CLS of the page.
| Element | CLS Contribution |
|---|---|
| 0.00034641472891103 | |
| 0.0001573251399517 | |
| 0.00011496837150316 | |
| 9.9840954200116E-5 | |
| 8.4713536897068E-5 |
Uses passive listeners to improve scrolling performance Improve the page's scroll performance by marking touch and wheel event listeners as 'passive'.
Avoids `document.write()` Avoid or limit the use of external scripts that are dynamically injected via 'document.write()' as users on slow connections will be delayed by tens of seconds.
Avoid long main-thread tasks Below is a list of the longest tasks on the main thread, which is useful when identifying the worst input delay contributors.
Avoid non-composited animations It is recommended to avoid non-composited animations which are often janky and increase CLS.
Avoids large JavaScript libraries with smaller alternatives — 0 large libraries found It is recommended to work with smaller JavaScript libraries to reduce your bundle size and avoid poor performance.
Budgets
Performance budget It is advised to keep the quantity and size of all network requests under the targets set by the provided performance budget.
Timing budget It is advised to set a timing budget to monitor the performance of your site.
Metrics
First Contentful Paint — 1.2 s The time taken for the first image or text on the page to be rendered.
Largest Contentful Paint — 2.0 s The timing of the largest text or image that is painted.
Opportunities
Eliminate render-blocking resources — Potential savings of 430 ms Resources, such as JavaScript and style sheets, can block the first paint of the page. Cambridge.org should consider delivering critical JavaScript/style sheets (JS/CSS) inline and deferring all non-critical JS/CSS.
| URL | Transfer Size (Bytes) | Potential Savings (Ms) |
|---|---|---|
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/css/css_9m8-tA3IQf8ThlLQYTTZUyEweCvyR908Tg0XCbKYOfY.css | 2642 | 70 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/css/css_eJef8fY2h_MxIqmF74vo7jzNlEm6PST8sV4Ni-rHv38.css | 14518 | 70 |
Other
First Meaningful Paint — 2.0 s The time taken for the primary content of the page to be rendered.
Opportunities
Preload key requests — Potential savings of 890 ms Key requests can be preloaded by using '<link rel=preload>'. Cambridge.org should consider using '<link rel=preload>' to prioritize fetching resources that are currently requested later in page load.
| URL | Potential Savings (Ms) |
|---|---|
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/fonts/CambridgeSans-Semibold.otf | 890 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/fonts/CambridgeSans-Light.otf | 740 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/fonts/SourceSansPro-Regular.ttf | 670 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/fonts/CambridgeSans-LightItalic.otf | 560 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/fonts/CambridgeSans-Medium.otf | 500 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/fonts/CambridgeSans-Regular.otf | 430 |
Diagnostics
Serve static assets with an efficient cache policy — 47 resources found Cambridge.org can speed up repeat visits by increasing the cache lifetime, which is essentially how long before a cached copy expires.
| URL | Cache TTL (Ms) | Transfer Size (Bytes) |
|---|---|---|
| https://www.google-analytics.com/plugins/ua/ec.js | 3600000 | 1908 |
| https://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js | 7200000 | 19452 |
| https://js-agent.newrelic.com/nr-1184.min.js | 7200000 | 11248 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/fonts/CambridgeSans-Semibold.otf | 1209600000 | 223146 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/fonts/CambridgeSans-Medium.otf | 1209600000 | 221411 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/fonts/CambridgeSans-Regular.otf | 1209600000 | 217930 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/fonts/CambridgeSans-Light.otf | 1209600000 | 217495 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/fonts/SourceSansPro-Regular.ttf | 1209600000 | 150659 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/images/journals-hero.png | 1209600000 | 147793 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/images/world-of-better-learning-hero.jpg | 1209600000 | 144972 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/images/grammar-in-use-hero-wide-2_3.jpg | 1209600000 | 127180 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/images/partnership-for-education-hero.jpg | 1209600000 | 106995 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/inline-images/Group%20421.svg | 1209600000 | 103993 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/fonts/CambridgeSans-LightItalic.otf | 1209600000 | 79905 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/images/global-nav.svg | 1209600000 | 75792 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/images/announcement-desktop_0.gif | 1209600000 | 60865 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/images/brighter-thinking-blog-hero.jpg | 1209600000 | 59155 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/js/js_S35mPRv_YC0mHBLkf5rafDj4J5bfz8NAGdXQIIuohFE.js | 1209600000 | 54715 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/inline-images/cam-one%20%284%29.svg | 1209600000 | 51123 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/images/cup-logo-transparent_b.svg | 1209600000 | 45741 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/images/spriteCorporate.svg | 1209600000 | 44778 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/images/dictionary-desktop.gif | 1209600000 | 40707 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/css/css_eJef8fY2h_MxIqmF74vo7jzNlEm6PST8sV4Ni-rHv38.css | 1209600000 | 14518 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/images/black-bg.jpg | 1209600000 | 14479 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/inline-images/ql_core.svg | 1209600000 | 7188 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/inline-images/ql_education.svg | 1209600000 | 5262 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/inline-images/ql_elevate.svg | 1209600000 | 4919 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/inline-images/ql_bibles.svg | 1209600000 | 3678 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/inline-images/ql_authorhub.svg | 1209600000 | 3033 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/css/css_9m8-tA3IQf8ThlLQYTTZUyEweCvyR908Tg0XCbKYOfY.css | 1209600000 | 2642 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/inline-images/newsroom%20%282%29.svg | 1209600000 | 1761 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/images/ic_ig.svg | 1209600000 | 1464 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/images/ic_tw.svg | 1209600000 | 1157 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/images/ic_education.svg | 1209600000 | 1126 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/images/ic_education_w.svg | 1209600000 | 1124 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/images/ic_li.svg | 1209600000 | 1053 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/images/ic_yt.svg | 1209600000 | 1051 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/images/ic_search.svg | 1209600000 | 1043 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/google_tag/drupal/google_tag.script.js?qe7xjx | 1209600000 | 1026 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/images/ic_academic.svg | 1209600000 | 1026 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/images/ic_academic_w.svg | 1209600000 | 1024 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/images/ic_elt.svg | 1209600000 | 1001 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/images/ic_elt_w.svg | 1209600000 | 1000 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/images/ic_fb.svg | 1209600000 | 958 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/images/ic_close.svg | 1209600000 | 950 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/images/ic_dropdown.svg | 1209600000 | 922 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/images/ic_external-link.svg | 1209600000 | 917 |
Ensure text remains visible during webfont load Make use of the font-display CSS feature, which will ensure text is user-visible while webfonts are loading.
| URL | Potential Savings (Ms) |
|---|---|
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/fonts/CambridgeSans-Regular.otf | 49.263999797404 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/fonts/CambridgeSans-Medium.otf | 281.09100041911 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/fonts/SourceSansPro-Regular.ttf | 160.81599984318 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/fonts/CambridgeSans-Light.otf | 230.73700023815 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/fonts/CambridgeSans-LightItalic.otf | 35.910000093281 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/fonts/CambridgeSans-Semibold.otf | 295.42599990964 |
Accessibility
Indicates how accessible the page is and highlights opportunities where the page can be made more accessible to users of cambridge.org. This includes details about various page attributes that can be optimized.Navigation
`[accesskey]` values are unique Access keys assist users with focusing on different parts of the page. Each access key should be unique for proper navigation.
The page contains a heading, skip link, or landmark region It is advised to provide ways to bypass repetitive content, allowing users to navigate the page efficiently.
`[id]` attributes on active, focusable elements are unique Ensure all focusable elements have a unique id value to allow them to be visible to users of assistive technologies, like a screen reader.
Heading elements appear in a sequentially-descending order Properly order all headers and do not skip heading levels to better the navigation and readability for users of assistive technologies, like a screen reader.
No element has a `[tabindex]` value greater than 0 Although technically valid, a tabindex value greater than 0 often creates frustrating experiences for users who rely on assistive technologies.
ARIA
`[aria-*]` attributes match their roles Avoid mismatching 'aria-*' attributes and their 'role' value, as it invalidates the attribute.
`[aria-hidden="true"]` is not present on the document `<body>` If aria-hidden=true is set on the document body, assistive technologies, like a screen reader will work inconsistently.
`[aria-hidden="true"]` elements do not contain focusable descendents Interactive elements within an aria-hidden=true element are unavailable to users of assistive technologies, like a screen reader.
ARIA input fields have accessible names Generic names are announced to users of assistive technologies, like a screen reader, when an input field does not have an accessible name specified.
`[role]`s have all required `[aria-*]` attributes Some ARIA roles have required 'aria-*' attributes, which provide essential information about state and functionality.
Elements with an ARIA `[role]` that require children to contain a specific `[role]` have all required children. Some ARIA parent roles cannot perform their intended functions if specific child roles are not used.
`[role]`s are contained by their required parent element Some ARIA child roles cannot perform their intended functions if specific parent roles are not used.
`[role]` values are valid All ARIA roles require valid values to perform their intended functions.
ARIA toggle fields have accessible names Generic names are announced to users of assistive technologies, like a screen reader, when a toggle field does not have an accessible name specified.
`[aria-*]` attributes have valid values ARIA attributes cannot be interpreted with invalid values when used by screen readers and other assistive technologies.
`[aria-*]` attributes are valid and not misspelled ARIA attributes cannot be interpreted with invalid names when used by screen readers and other assistive technologies.
ARIA IDs are unique Ensure all ARIA ID values are unique to prevent elements from being overlooked by assistive technologies, like a screen reader.
Names and labels
Buttons have an accessible name Buttons become unusable as they are announced simply as "button" when the button does not have an accessible name, when used by screen readers and other assistive technologies.
Document has a `<title>` element Search engines, screen reader users and other assistive technology users rely on the title to provide an overview of the page and to help determine if the page is relevant to their search.
No form fields have multiple labels Having multiple labels for form fields can be confusing to assistive technologies, like a screen reader.
`<frame>` or `<iframe>` elements have a title Screen reader users and other assistive technology users rely on frame titles to describe the contents of frames.
Image elements have `[alt]` attributes Provide short and descriptive alternative text where possible on informative elements.
`<input type="image">` elements have `[alt]` text Input buttons with alternative text assist screen readers and other assistive technology users to understand its purpose.
Links have a discernible name In order to improve the navigation for screen reader and other assistive technology users, use link text that is unique, focusable and discernible.
`<object>` elements have `[alt]` text It is advised that alt text is used on '<object>' elements in order to provide meaning to screen reader and other assistive technology users, as these technologies are unable to translate non-text content.
Contrast
Background and foreground colors have a sufficient contrast ratio Many (if not most) users find low-contrast text difficult or impossible to read.
Tables and lists
`<dl>`'s contain only properly-ordered `<dt>` and `<dd>` groups, `<script>`, `<template>` or `<div>` elements. Screen readers and other assistive technologies may produce poor and inaccurate output when definition lists are not properly marked up.
Definition list items are wrapped in `<dl>` elements In order for screen readers and other assistive technologies to properly announce definition list items ('<dt>' and '<dd>'), they must be wrapped in parent a '<dl>' element.
Presentational `<table>` elements avoid using `<th>`, `<caption>` or the `[summary]` attribute. It is advised to not include data elements in tables which are used for layout purposes, as it may create confusion for screen reader and other assistive technology users.
Lists contain only `<li>` elements and script supporting elements (`<script>` and `<template>`). Use proper list structure to aid screen readers and other assistive technologies.
List items (`<li>`) are contained within `<ul>` or `<ol>` parent elements In order for screen readers to announce list items, ensure that list items ('<li>') are contained within parent '<ul>' or '<ol>' tags.
Cells in a `<table>` element that use the `[headers]` attribute refer to table cells within the same table. Screen readers and other assistive technologies have features to make navigating tables easier. Ensure that '<td>' cells using the headers attribute only refer to other cells in the same table, to improve screen reader user experience.
`<th>` elements and elements with `[role="columnheader"/"rowheader"]` have data cells they describe. Screen readers and other assistive technologies have features to make navigating tables easier. Ensure that table headers refer to some set of cells, to improve screen reader user experience.
Internationalization and localization
`<html>` element has a `[lang]` attribute It is advised to provide a lang attribute so that screen readers and other assistive technologies are guaranteed to announce the page's text correctly. When not provided, the user's default language setting will be used which may cause inaccuracies.
`<html>` element has a valid value for its `[lang]` attribute Specify a valid BCP 47 language in order to help screen readers and other assistive technologies announce text properly.
`[lang]` attributes have a valid value Specify a valid BCP 47 language on elements in order to help screen readers and other assistive technologies announce text properly.
Best practices
The document does not use `<meta http-equiv="refresh">` Pages that refresh automatically cause a poor user experience as focus is directed back to the top of the page unexpectedly.
`[user-scalable="no"]` is not used in the `<meta name="viewport">` element and the `[maximum-scale]` attribute is not less than 5. For users with low vision who rely on screen magnification, ensure that zooming is not disabled.
Audio and video
`<video>` elements contain a `<track>` element with `[kind="captions"]` Cambridge.org may provide assistance to deaf or hearing-impaired users with captions on videos.
`<video>` elements contain a `<track>` element with `[kind="description"]` Cambridge.org may provide relevant information that dialogue cannot, by using audio descriptions.
Names and labels
Form elements do not have associated labels Screen readers and other assistive technologies rely on labels to properly announce form controls.
| Failing Elements |
|---|
Manual Checks
The page has a logical tab order The visual layout should be logical in its tab order and users cannot focus elements that are offscreen.
Interactive controls are keyboard focusable Ensure that custom interactive controls are keyboard focusable and that a focus indicator is displayed.
Interactive elements indicate their purpose and state Ensure that interactive elements (such as links and buttons) are distinguishable from non-interactive elements and that they indicate their state.
The user's focus is directed to new content added to the page When new content (such as a dialogue) is added to the page, the user's focus should be directed to it.
User focus is not accidentally trapped in a region Avoid focus being accidentally trapped when a user tabs in and out of controls or regions on page.
Custom controls have associated labels Ensure that custom interactive controls have associated labels, which are provided by aria-label and aria-labelledby attributes.
Custom controls have ARIA roles Ensure that all custom interactive controls have appropriate ARIA roles.
Visual order on the page follows DOM order Ensure that the DOM order matches with the page's visual order, in order to improve navigation for screen readers and other assistive technologies.
Offscreen content is hidden from assistive technology Ensure that offscreen content is hidden through the use of "display:none" styling or the aria-hidden attribute.
HTML5 landmark elements are used to improve navigation Elements such as <main> and <nav> are recommended as they are used by screen readers and other assistive technologies to improve keyboard navigation.
Best Practices
Indicates the recommended, best practices currently in place on the page and highlights the best practices that cambridge.org should incorporate. This includes practices such as protecting pages with HTTPS.Audits
Avoids requesting the geolocation permission on page load When requesting a user's location, provide context or consider tying the request to a user action to avoid confusion and mistrust from users.
Avoids requesting the notification permission on page load When requesting permission to send notifications, provide context or consider tying the request to a user action to avoid confusion and mistrust from users.
Avoids front-end JavaScript libraries with known security vulnerabilities Ensure that the use of third-party scripts is minimal and that only trusted third-party scripts are used as some may contain known security vulnerabilities which may be exploited by attackers.
Audits
Allows users to paste into password fields Ensure that password inputs may be pasted into to aid in the user's ability to use password managers and improve security.
Displays images with correct aspect ratio Ensure that image display dimensions match their natural aspect ratio.
Serves images with appropriate resolution For maximum image clarity, ensure images have natural dimensions and are proportional to the display size and pixel ratio.
Fonts with `font-display: optional` are preloaded It is recommended that optional fonts are preloaded.
Audits
Page has the HTML doctype Ensure a doctype is specified to prevent the browser from switching to quirks-mode.
Properly defines charset It is advised to declare a character encoding, optionally via a <meta> tag in the first 1024 bytes of the HTML or in the Content-Type HTTP response header.
Audits
Avoids Application Cache Application cache is deprecated and is no longer recommended.
Detected JavaScript libraries Below is a list of all front-end JavaScript libraries that were detected on the page.
| Name | Version |
|---|---|
| jQuery | 3.5.1 |
Avoids deprecated APIs Avoid deprecated APIs which will eventually be removed the browser.
Page has valid source maps Consider deploying source maps for added benefits such as the ability to debug while in production.
Audits
Does not use HTTPS — 1 insecure request found Ensure that all pages are protected with HTTPS (including those that do not handle sensitive data) as HTTPS prevents tampering and passive listening on communications between the app and its users. Additionally, HTTPS is a prerequisite for HTTP/2 and many new web platform APIs.
| Insecure URL |
|---|
| http://cambridge.org/ |
Links to cross-origin destinations are unsafe Improve performance and prevent security vulnerabilities by adding rel="noopener" and rel="noreferrer" to external links.
| Failing Anchors |
|---|
Audits
Registers an `unload` listener The 'unload' event does not fire reliably, causing issues with browser optimizations such as the Back-Forward Cache. It is recommended that 'pagehide' or 'visibilitychange' events are used instead.
| URL |
|---|
Browser errors were logged to the console Below is a list of all errors logged to the console, which indicate unresolved problems on the site.
| URL | Description |
|---|---|
| https://script.crazyegg.com/pages/scripts/0023/2529.js?447292 | Failed to load resource: the server responded with a status of 403 (Forbidden) |
| https://script.crazyegg.com/pages/scripts/0023/2529.js?447292 | Failed to load resource: the server responded with a status of 403 (Forbidden) |
SEO
Indicates how well the page is optimized for ranking in search engines and highlights Search Engine Optimization (SEO) opportunities for cambridge.org. This includes optimizations such as providing meta data.Mobile Friendly
Has a `<meta name="viewport">` tag with `width` or `initial-scale` It is advised to use a '<meta name="viewport">' tag for the optimization of cambridge.org on mobile screens.
Document uses legible font sizes Font sizes of 12px or less are too small to most mobile users without user gestures and further action. Aim for more than 60% of page text to use font sizes greater than 12px.
Tap targets are sized appropriately Interactive elements (such as buttons and links) should be appropriately spaced, sized and easy enough to select or tap with regard to their surrounding elements.
Content Best Practices
Document has a `<title>` element Search engines, screen reader users and other assistive technology users rely on the title to provide an overview of the page and to help determine if the page is relevant to their search.
Document has a meta description Meta descriptions may be used by search engines when displaying a link to the page and should concisely summarize the page's content.
Image elements have `[alt]` attributes Provide short and descriptive alternative text where possible on informative elements.
Document has a valid `hreflang` Search engines can be instructed to list specific versions of a page for a given language or region through the use of hreflang links.
Document has a valid `rel=canonical` Search engines can be suggested which URL should be shown in search results through the use of canonical links.
Document avoids plugins The content of plugins cannot be indexed by search engines and many devices either restrict or do not support them.
Crawling and Indexing
Page has successful HTTP status code Avoid pages with unsuccessful HTTP status codes as they may not be indexed by search engines.
Page isn’t blocked from indexing Pages that cannot be crawled by search engines cannot be indexed or included in their search results. Ensure that search engines have permission to crawl all pages that should be indexed.
robots.txt is valid Malformed robots.txt files prevent crawlers from understanding how a site wants to be crawled or indexed, which can be devastating to SEO.
Content Best Practices
Links do not have descriptive text — 1 link found Make use of descriptive link text to assist search engines in understanding the content.
| Link destination | Link Text |
|---|---|
| https://www.cambridge.org/about-us/legal-notices/cookies-policy | Read more |
Crawling and Indexing
Links are not crawlable Ensure that the 'href' attribute of anchor elements links to the appropriate destination. This allows for more pages of the site to be discovered by search engines.
| Uncrawlable Link |
|---|
Manual Checks
Structured data is valid Structured data can be validated through the use of the Structured Data Testing Tool and the Structured Data Linter.
Progressive Web App
Indicates how valid the aspects of a Progressive Web App (PWA) are for the page and highlights opportunities to enable/improve the PWA of cambridge.org. This includes details about web app manifests.PWA Optimized
Redirects HTTP traffic to HTTPS It is advised to redirect all HTTP traffic to HTTPS, in order to enable secure web features for all users.
Content is sized correctly for the viewport Ensure that the width of the app's content matches the width of the viewport, otherwise the app might not be optimized for mobile screens.
Has a `<meta name="viewport">` tag with `width` or `initial-scale` It is advised to use a '<meta name="viewport">' tag for the optimization of cambridge.org on mobile screens.
Contains some content when JavaScript is not available Apps should display alternative content for when JavaScript is disabled.
Fast and reliable
Page load is not fast enough on mobile networks — Interactive on simulated mobile network at 11.9 s Ensure that the page loads fast enough over a cellular network, to ensure good mobile user experience.
Current page does not respond with a 200 when offline In order for Progressive Web Apps to be made available offline, ensure that the app is using a service worker.
`start_url` does not respond with a 200 when offline Consider using a service worker for Progressive Web Apps to ensure greater reliability for the user, in the case of poor network conditions.
Installable
Does not use HTTPS — 1 insecure request found Ensure that all pages are protected with HTTPS (including those that do not handle sensitive data) as HTTPS prevents tampering and passive listening on communications between the app and its users. Additionally, HTTPS is a prerequisite for HTTP/2 and many new web platform APIs.
| Insecure URL |
|---|
| http://cambridge.org/ |
Does not register a service worker that controls page and `start_url` A service worker is used to provide Progressive Web Apps the use of features such as working offline, the ability for the app to be added to the homescreen as well as push notifications.
Web app manifest does not meet the installability requirements User engagement may be increased by leveraging the browsers ability to proactively prompt users to add the app to their homescreen.
View Data
PWA Optimized
Is not configured for a custom splash screen Themed splash screens ensure a high-quality user experience at launch for app users.
View Data
Does not set a theme color for the address bar. A theme may be applied to the browser address bar, which ideally can be made to match the site.
View Data
Does not provide a valid `apple-touch-icon` iOS users of Progressive Web Apps will benefit from an apple touch icon, which can be defined with 'apple-touch-icon', which must point to a non-transparent 192px (or 180px) square PNG.
Manifest doesn't have a maskable icon Maskable icons are great to ensure that images fill the entire shape when installing the app on a device.
Manual Checks
Site works cross-browser Ensure that the Progressive Web App works correctly across every major browser.
Page transitions don't feel like they block on the network Users perceive apps with responsive, snappy transitions as higher peforming and ensures a great user experience, even on a slow network.
Each page has a URL Ensure that all pages are deep linkable via URL. They should also be unique for the purpose of shareability on social media.
Avg. (All Categories)
Performance
Accessibility
Best Practices
SEO
Progressive Web App
0–49 (Fail) 50–89 (Average) 90–100 (Pass)
URL: https://www.cambridge.org/
Updated: 10th January, 2021
2.11 seconds
First Contentful Paint (FCP)
0.01 seconds
First Input Delay (FID) Simulate loading on mobile
Performance
Indicates how well the page is performing and highlights opportunities where performance may be improved for cambridge.org. This includes details about optimizing page load times which can result in a better user experience.Metrics
Total Blocking Time — 230 ms The total blocking time is the sum of all time periods between First Contentful Paint and Time to Interactive (when task length exceeded 50ms).
Cumulative Layout Shift — 0.015 Cumulative Layout Shift is the measurement of visible elements collective movement within the viewport.
View Data
Other
Estimated Input Latency — 20 ms The time taken for the page to respond to user input (during the busiest 5 second window of page load). Users are likely to perceive cambridge.org as laggy when the latency is higher than 0.05 seconds.
Network Requests Below is a list of network requests that were made during page load.
| URL | Start Time (Ms) | End Time (Ms) | Transfer Size (Bytes) | Resource Size (Bytes) | Status Code | MIME Type | Resource Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| http://cambridge.org/ | 0 | 27.785999700427 | 163 | 0 | 302 | ||
| http://cambridge.org/ | 28.316999785602 | 65.965999849141 | 271 | 0 | 302 | text/html | |
| https://www.cambridge.org/ | 66.436999943107 | 516.62399992347 | 15431 | 57721 | 200 | text/html | Document |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/google_tag/drupal/google_tag.script.js?qe7xjx | 533.58899988234 | 570.51699981093 | 1026 | 348 | 200 | application/javascript | Script |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/css/css_9m8-tA3IQf8ThlLQYTTZUyEweCvyR908Tg0XCbKYOfY.css | 533.74799992889 | 570.07399993017 | 2642 | 6731 | 200 | text/css | Stylesheet |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/css/css_eJef8fY2h_MxIqmF74vo7jzNlEm6PST8sV4Ni-rHv38.css | 533.90899999067 | 585.36999998614 | 14518 | 93690 | 200 | text/css | Stylesheet |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/inline-images/ql_core.svg | 540.92999966815 | 579.59500001743 | 7188 | 15754 | 200 | image/svg+xml | Image |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/inline-images/ql_education.svg | 541.22000001371 | 577.06699986011 | 5262 | 11669 | 200 | image/svg+xml | Image |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/inline-images/ql_authorhub.svg | 541.3469998166 | 579.87600006163 | 3033 | 5929 | 200 | image/svg+xml | Image |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/inline-images/cam-one%20%284%29.svg | 541.60899994895 | 617.12099984288 | 51123 | 71001 | 200 | image/svg+xml | Image |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/inline-images/ql_bibles.svg | 541.76099970937 | 587.46499987319 | 3678 | 6670 | 200 | image/svg+xml | Image |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/inline-images/Group%20421.svg | 541.93799989298 | 609.98700000346 | 103993 | 301431 | 200 | image/svg+xml | Image |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/inline-images/ql_elevate.svg | 542.13600000367 | 577.41799997166 | 4919 | 11056 | 200 | image/svg+xml | Image |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/inline-images/newsroom%20%282%29.svg | 542.38299978897 | 580.47399995849 | 1761 | 2221 | 200 | image/svg+xml | Image |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/images/cup-logo-transparent_b.svg | 542.61799994856 | 666.4410000667 | 45741 | 123312 | 200 | image/svg+xml | Image |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/images/ic_fb.svg | 542.76699991897 | 597.86099987105 | 958 | 305 | 200 | image/svg+xml | Image |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/images/ic_tw.svg | 542.94400010258 | 604.55500008538 | 1157 | 948 | 200 | image/svg+xml | Image |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/images/ic_yt.svg | 543.064000085 | 580.18800010905 | 1051 | 643 | 200 | image/svg+xml | Image |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/images/ic_li.svg | 543.30600006506 | 577.97499978915 | 1053 | 617 | 200 | image/svg+xml | Image |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/images/ic_ig.svg | 543.43899991363 | 578.17499991506 | 1464 | 2007 | 200 | image/svg+xml | Image |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/images/ic_close.svg | 543.56999974698 | 577.66800001264 | 950 | 354 | 200 | image/svg+xml | Image |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/images/ic_external-link.svg | 543.70500007644 | 586.03499969468 | 917 | 261 | 200 | image/svg+xml | Image |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/js/js_S35mPRv_YC0mHBLkf5rafDj4J5bfz8NAGdXQIIuohFE.js | 540.80999968573 | 576.42399985343 | 54715 | 181764 | 200 | text/javascript | Script |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/images/global-nav.svg | 615.43799983338 | 679.86800009385 | 75792 | 247846 | 200 | image/svg+xml | Image |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/images/ic_search.svg | 616.36699968949 | 643.22600001469 | 1043 | 607 | 200 | image/svg+xml | Image |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/fonts/CambridgeSans-Regular.otf | 624.01399994269 | 688.72299976647 | 217930 | 217244 | 200 | application/octet-stream | Font |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/images/ic_dropdown.svg | 626.8329997547 | 662.60199993849 | 922 | 262 | 200 | image/svg+xml | Image |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/images/announcement-desktop_0.gif | 628.13899992034 | 659.85099971294 | 60865 | 60156 | 200 | image/gif | Image |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/images/announcement-mobile_0.gif | 628.64399980754 | 746.8059998937 | 42575 | 41865 | 200 | image/gif | Image |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/images/ic_academic.svg | 629.14599990472 | 671.7489999719 | 1026 | 532 | 200 | image/svg+xml | Image |
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| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/images/ic_education.svg | 630.09399967268 | 671.93799978122 | 1126 | 963 | 200 | image/svg+xml | Image |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/images/ic_education_w.svg | 630.29999984428 | 686.50599988177 | 1124 | 963 | 200 | image/svg+xml | Image |
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| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/images/grammar-in-use-hero-mobile.jpg | 631.38599973172 | 829.54799989238 | 107738 | 107012 | 200 | image/jpeg | Image |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/images/black-bg-mobile.jpg | 631.60699978471 | 668.02599979565 | 6865 | 6141 | 200 | image/jpeg | Image |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/images/black-bg.jpg | 631.7389998585 | 697.75999989361 | 14479 | 13754 | 200 | image/jpeg | Image |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/images/dictionary-mobile.gif | 632.03699979931 | 661.7640000768 | 36614 | 35905 | 200 | image/gif | Image |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/images/dictionary-desktop.gif | 632.29499990121 | 682.15900007635 | 40707 | 39998 | 200 | image/gif | Image |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/images/journals-mobile-hero_0.png | 632.43100000545 | 682.76900006458 | 132226 | 131515 | 200 | image/png | Image |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/images/journals-hero.png | 632.62399984524 | 689.83099982142 | 147793 | 147083 | 200 | image/png | Image |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/images/brighter-thinking-blog-hero-mobile.jpg | 633.14499985427 | 669.86700007692 | 71827 | 71102 | 200 | image/jpeg | Image |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/images/brighter-thinking-blog-hero.jpg | 633.51499987766 | 671.1409999989 | 59155 | 58430 | 200 | image/jpeg | Image |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/images/world-of-better-learning-hero-mobile_0.jpg | 633.65500001237 | 719.97199999169 | 73593 | 72868 | 200 | image/jpeg | Image |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/images/world-of-better-learning-hero.jpg | 633.89399973676 | 667.13499976322 | 144972 | 144246 | 200 | image/jpeg | Image |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/images/partnership-for-education-hero-mobile_0.jpg | 634.08300001174 | 670.52999977022 | 81271 | 80546 | 200 | image/jpeg | Image |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/images/partnership-for-education-hero.jpg | 634.42499982193 | 730.39999976754 | 106995 | 106269 | 200 | image/jpeg | Image |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/images/spriteCorporate.svg | 636.45099988207 | 737.83899983391 | 44778 | 160301 | 200 | image/svg+xml | Image |
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| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/fonts/CambridgeSans-Semibold.otf | 639.37600003555 | 694.90299979225 | 223146 | 222460 | 200 | application/octet-stream | Font |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/fonts/SourceSansPro-Regular.ttf | 656.13499982283 | 721.6349998489 | 150659 | 149972 | 200 | application/octet-stream | Font |
| https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=GTM-MXMG453 | 729.48700003326 | 769.4079997018 | 78804 | 470101 | 200 | application/javascript | Script |
| https://js-agent.newrelic.com/nr-1184.min.js | 917.91699966416 | 932.73600004613 | 11248 | 27995 | 200 | application/javascript | Script |
| https://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js | 940.16199978068 | 943.87599965557 | 19452 | 47051 | 200 | text/javascript | Script |
| https://script.crazyegg.com/pages/scripts/0023/2529.js?447292 | 944.52399993315 | 977.64299996197 | 1852 | 0 | 403 | text/html | Script |
| https://bam.nr-data.net/1/NRJS-3c6678555d21f1ff575?a=529022142&v=1184.ab39b52&to=ZVQBMhZYD0cCUUYPDlweIgUQUA5aTHZAExFTXT8QDVwWRz9gXRMVW18EOjJQBEMzU1UDIl1fFxQLVQ1RER8MDgBcVQ8D&rst=990&ck=1&ref=https://www.cambridge.org/&ap=119&be=539&fe=919&dc=731&perf=%7B%22timing%22:%7B%22of%22:1610252675291,%22n%22:0,%22f%22:68,%22dn%22:68,%22dne%22:68,%22c%22:68,%22ce%22:68,%22rq%22:68,%22rp%22:519,%22rpe%22:519,%22dl%22:523,%22di%22:731,%22ds%22:731,%22de%22:739,%22dc%22:919,%22l%22:919,%22le%22:920%7D,%22navigation%22:%7B%7D%7D&fp=704&fcp=704&at=SRMCRF5CHEk%3D&jsonp=NREUM.setToken | 990.40499981493 | 1021.5809997171 | 275 | 57 | 200 | text/javascript | Script |
| https://www.google-analytics.com/plugins/ua/ec.js | 995.02700008452 | 997.5489997305 | 1908 | 2779 | 200 | text/javascript | Script |
| https://www.google-analytics.com/j/collect?v=1&_v=j87&a=6983168&t=pageview&_s=1&dl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cambridge.org%2F&ul=en-us&de=UTF-8&dt=Home%20%7C%20Cambridge%20University%20Press&sd=24-bit&sr=360x640&vp=360x640&je=0&_u=YEBAAEALQAAAAC~&jid=1074470640&gjid=783279837&cid=953374240.1610252676&tid=UA-39106122-2&_gid=951282333.1610252676&_r=1>m=2wgbu0MXMG453&z=1654006589 | 1017.3720000312 | 1020.3140000813 | 626 | 2 | 200 | text/plain | XHR |
| https://stats.g.doubleclick.net/j/collect?t=dc&aip=1&_r=3&v=1&_v=j87&tid=UA-39106122-2&cid=953374240.1610252676&jid=1074470640&gjid=783279837&_gid=951282333.1610252676&_u=YEBAAEAKQAAAAC~&z=68717525 | 1035.416000057 | 1095.0919999741 | 699 | 2 | 200 | text/plain | XHR |
| https://w.usabilla.com/056d150c3d99.js?lv=1 | 1047.588000074 | 1084.5399997197 | 194 | 0 | 204 | text/javascript | Script |
| https://script.crazyegg.com/pages/scripts/0023/2529.js?447292 | 1049.0489997901 | 1071.4900000021 | 1853 | 0 | 403 | text/html | Script |
| https://stats.g.doubleclick.net/j/collect?t=dc&aip=1&_r=3&v=1&_v=j87&tid=UA-39106122-9&cid=953374240.1610252676&jid=794740497&gjid=1999871734&_gid=951282333.1610252676&_u=aGDAgEALQAAAAG~&z=879490520 | 1060.8000000939 | 1063.6169998907 | 699 | 2 | 200 | text/plain | XHR |
| https://www.google-analytics.com/gtm/js?id=GTM-MSRRC2B&t=gtm8&cid=953374240.1610252676 | 1065.0200000964 | 1091.7289997451 | 35350 | 89084 | 200 | application/javascript | Script |
| https://www.google-analytics.com/collect?v=1&_v=j87&a=6983168&t=pageview&_s=1&dl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cambridge.org%2F&ul=en-us&de=UTF-8&dt=Home%20%7C%20Cambridge%20University%20Press&sd=24-bit&sr=360x640&vp=360x640&je=0&_u=aGDAgEALQAAAAC~&jid=794740497&gjid=1999871734&cid=953374240.1610252676&tid=UA-39106122-9&_gid=951282333.1610252676>m=2wgbu0MXMG453&cd8=n%2Fa&z=995889276 | 1065.4179998673 | 1067.6619997248 | 605 | 35 | 200 | image/gif | Image |
| https://www.google.com/ads/ga-audiences?t=sr&aip=1&_r=4&slf_rd=1&v=1&_v=j87&tid=UA-39106122-9&cid=953374240.1610252676&jid=794740497&_u=aGDAgEALQAAAAG~&z=1182615306 | 1070.6329997629 | 1076.9609999843 | 683 | 42 | 200 | image/gif | Image |
| https://www.google.com/ads/ga-audiences?t=sr&aip=1&_r=4&slf_rd=1&v=1&_v=j87&tid=UA-39106122-2&cid=953374240.1610252676&jid=1074470640&_u=YEBAAEAKQAAAAC~&z=590851859 | 1096.9579997472 | 1109.3399999663 | 683 | 42 | 200 | image/gif | Image |
Network Round Trip Times — 0 ms High Network RTT (Round Trip Times) can have a large impact on performance. Providing servers geographically closer to the user could improve performance.
Server Backend Latencies — 0 ms High server latencies indicate the server is overloaded or has a poor backend performance.
Tasks Below is a list of the top-level main thread tasks that executed during page load.
| Start Time (Ms) | End Time (Ms) |
|---|---|
| 544.19 | 9.159 |
| 557.591 | 14.324 |
| 602.489 | 8.492 |
| 634.639 | 86.778 |
| 724.201 | 39.697 |
| 800.624 | 8.638 |
| 820.201 | 14.958 |
| 844.981 | 12.96 |
| 858.091 | 11.1 |
| 870.349 | 10.796 |
| 894.648 | 18.119 |
| 920.312 | 21.483 |
| 941.814 | 8.912 |
| 955.907 | 29.919 |
| 985.967 | 11.864 |
| 1007.029 | 7.718 |
| 1015.061 | 30.99 |
| 1046.223 | 5.709 |
| 1062.085 | 10.883 |
| 1080.78 | 9.416 |
Opportunities
Properly size images Images can slow down the page's load time. Cambridge.org should consider serving more appropriate-sized images.
Defer offscreen images — Potential savings of 170 KiB Time to Interactive can be slowed down by resources on the page. Cambridge.org should consider lazy-loading offscreen and hidden images.
| URL | Resource Size (Bytes) | Potential Savings (Bytes) |
|---|---|---|
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/inline-images/Group%20421.svg | 103993 | 103993 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/inline-images/cam-one%20%284%29.svg | 51123 | 51123 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/inline-images/ql_core.svg | 7188 | 7188 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/inline-images/ql_education.svg | 5262 | 5262 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/inline-images/ql_bibles.svg | 3678 | 3678 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/inline-images/ql_authorhub.svg | 3033 | 3033 |
Minify CSS Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) files can contribute to network payload sizes. Cambridge.org should consider minifying CSS files.
Minify JavaScript — Potential savings of 10 KiB JavaScript (JS) files can contribute to network payload sizes and increase script parse times. Cambridge.org should consider minifying JS files.
| URL | Transfer Size (Bytes) | Potential Savings (Bytes) |
|---|---|---|
| https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=GTM-MXMG453 | 78804 | 10034 |
Remove unused CSS — Potential savings of 11 KiB Dead and/or unused rules in Style Sheets (CSS) can contribute to network payload sizes. Cambridge.org should consider removing dead rules from style sheets and deferring the loading of CSS not used for above-the-fold content.
| URL | Transfer Size (Bytes) | Potential Savings (Bytes) |
|---|---|---|
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/css/css_eJef8fY2h_MxIqmF74vo7jzNlEm6PST8sV4Ni-rHv38.css | 14518 | 10856 |
Efficiently encode images — Potential savings of 15 KiB Unoptimized images can consume more cellular data than what is necessary.
| URL | Resource Size (Bytes) | Potential Savings (Bytes) |
|---|---|---|
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/images/black-bg.jpg | 13754 | 10620 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/images/black-bg-mobile.jpg | 6141 | 4657 |
Enable text compression Text-based resources should be served with compression, such as gzip, deflate or brotli.
Preconnect to required origins Resource hints, such as 'preconnect' or 'dns-prefetch', may assist in establishing early connections to important third-party origins.
Initial server response time was short — Root document took 450 ms It is advised to keep the server response time short for the main document, because all other requests depend on it.
| URL | Time Spent (Ms) |
|---|---|
| https://www.cambridge.org/ | 451.185 |
Use video formats for animated content Large GIFs are inefficient for delivering animated content. It is recommended to use MPEG4/WebM videos for animations and PNG/WebP for static images instead of GIF.
Remove duplicate modules in JavaScript bundles Ensure that no duplicate JavaScript modules from bundles exist to reduce bytes consumed by network activity.
Avoid serving legacy JavaScript to modern browsers Polyfills and transforms enable legacy browsers to use new JavaScript features. For bundled JavaScript it is recommended to adopt a modern script deployment strategy using module/nomodule feature detection. This will reduce the amount of code shipped to modern browsers.
Diagnostics
Avoids an excessive DOM size — 433 elements A large DOM (Document Object Model) will increase memory usage, cause longer system calculations as well as costly layout reflows.
| Statistic | Element | Value |
|---|---|---|
| Total DOM Elements | 433 | |
| Maximum DOM Depth | 13 | |
| Maximum Child Elements | 18 |
Avoid chaining critical requests — 8 chains found Below is a list of Critical Request Chains, which shows which resources are loaded with a high priority. Cambridge.org should consider reducing the length of chains, reducing the download size of resources, or deferring the download of unnecessary resources to improve page load.
User Timing marks and measures Make use of the User Timing API to measure an app's real-world performance during key user experiences.
JavaScript execution time — 0.7 s JavaScript (JS) execution time can be lowered by reducing the time required for parsing, compiling and executing JS. Delivering smaller JS payloads may help with this.
| URL | Total CPU Time (Ms) | Script Evaluation (Ms) | Script Parse (Ms) |
|---|---|---|---|
| https://www.cambridge.org/ | 663.172 | 28.732 | 7.6 |
| Unattributable | 629.74 | 13.528 | 0.66 |
| https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=GTM-MXMG453 | 380.956 | 313.884 | 41.584 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/js/js_S35mPRv_YC0mHBLkf5rafDj4J5bfz8NAGdXQIIuohFE.js | 172.032 | 149.536 | 11.984 |
| https://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js | 163.176 | 132.216 | 18.532 |
Keep request counts low and transfer sizes small — 70 requests • 2,903 KiB It is advised to add a budgets.json file in order to set budgets for the quantity and size of page resources.
| Resource Type | Requests | Transfer Size (Bytes) |
|---|---|---|
| Total | 70 | 2972182 |
| Image | 45 | 1619910 |
| Font | 6 | 1110546 |
| Script | 11 | 206677 |
| Stylesheet | 2 | 17160 |
| Document | 1 | 15431 |
| Other | 5 | 2458 |
| Media | 0 | 0 |
| Third-party | 15 | 154931 |
Minimize third-party usage — Third-party code blocked the main thread for 130 ms It is advised to either limit, remove or delay the loading of redundant third-party code which may be significantly impacting load performance.
| Third-Party | Transfer Size (Bytes) | Main-Thread Blocking Time (Ms) |
|---|---|---|
| 57941 | 65.14 | |
| 78804 | 61.752 | |
| 11523 | 0 | |
| 3705 | 0 | |
| 1398 | 0 | |
| 1366 | 0 | |
| 194 | 0 |
Largest Contentful Paint element — 1 element found The element which was identified as the Largest Contentful Paint.
| Element |
|---|
Avoid large layout shifts — 2 elements found Below is a list of all DOM elements that contribute to the CLS of the page.
| Element | CLS Contribution |
|---|---|
| 0.010366941437008 | |
| 0.0042619648129921 |
Uses passive listeners to improve scrolling performance Improve the page's scroll performance by marking touch and wheel event listeners as 'passive'.
Avoids `document.write()` Avoid or limit the use of external scripts that are dynamically injected via 'document.write()' as users on slow connections will be delayed by tens of seconds.
Avoid long main-thread tasks — 6 long tasks found Below is a list of the longest tasks on the main thread, which is useful when identifying the worst input delay contributors.
| URL | Start Time (Ms) | Duration (Ms) |
|---|---|---|
| https://www.cambridge.org/ | 1797 | 174 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/js/js_S35mPRv_YC0mHBLkf5rafDj4J5bfz8NAGdXQIIuohFE.js | 11220 | 159 |
| https://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js | 13830 | 124 |
| https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=GTM-MXMG453 | 12836 | 120 |
| https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=GTM-MXMG453 | 12750 | 86 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/ | 1740 | 57 |
Avoid non-composited animations It is recommended to avoid non-composited animations which are often janky and increase CLS.
Avoids large JavaScript libraries with smaller alternatives — 0 large libraries found It is recommended to work with smaller JavaScript libraries to reduce your bundle size and avoid poor performance.
Budgets
Performance budget It is advised to keep the quantity and size of all network requests under the targets set by the provided performance budget.
Timing budget It is advised to set a timing budget to monitor the performance of your site.
Metrics
Speed Index — 5.8 s The time taken for the page contents to be visibly populated.
Other
Max Potential First Input Delay — 140 ms Users could experience a delay when interacting with the page.
Opportunities
Remove unused JavaScript — Potential savings of 58 KiB It is advised to remove unused JavaScript in order to reduce bytes consumed by network activity.
| URL | Transfer Size (Bytes) | Potential Savings (Bytes) |
|---|---|---|
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/js/js_S35mPRv_YC0mHBLkf5rafDj4J5bfz8NAGdXQIIuohFE.js | 54715 | 35616 |
| https://www.google-analytics.com/gtm/js?id=GTM-MSRRC2B&t=gtm8&cid=953374240.1610252676 | 35350 | 24224 |
Serve images in next-gen formats — Potential savings of 145 KiB Image formats like PNG and JPEG have poor compression when compared to other next-gen formats, such as JPEG 200, JPEG XR and WebP.
| URL | Resource Size (Bytes) | Potential Savings (Bytes) |
|---|---|---|
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/images/world-of-better-learning-hero.jpg | 144246 | 55342 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/images/brighter-thinking-blog-hero-mobile.jpg | 71102 | 35754 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/images/journals-mobile-hero_0.png | 131515 | 23419 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/images/brighter-thinking-blog-hero.jpg | 58430 | 21206 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/images/black-bg.jpg | 13754 | 12828 |
Avoid multiple page redirects — Potential savings of 180 ms Redirects can cause additional delays before the page can begin loading. Cambridge.org should avoid multiple or unnecessary page redirects.
| URL | Time Spent (Ms) |
|---|---|
| http://cambridge.org/ | 0 |
| http://cambridge.org/ | 180 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/ | 0 |
Diagnostics
Avoid enormous network payloads — Total size was 2,903 KiB Large network payloads can cost users money and are linked to long load times.
| URL | Transfer Size (Bytes) |
|---|---|
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/fonts/CambridgeSans-Semibold.otf | 223146 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/fonts/CambridgeSans-Medium.otf | 221411 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/fonts/CambridgeSans-Regular.otf | 217930 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/fonts/CambridgeSans-Light.otf | 217495 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/fonts/SourceSansPro-Regular.ttf | 150659 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/images/journals-hero.png | 147793 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/images/world-of-better-learning-hero.jpg | 144972 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/images/journals-mobile-hero_0.png | 132226 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/images/grammar-in-use-hero-wide-2_3.jpg | 127180 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/images/grammar-in-use-hero-mobile.jpg | 107738 |
Minimize main-thread work — 2.2 s Main-thread work timing can be lowered by reducing the time required for parsing, compiling and executing JS. Delivering smaller JS payloads may help with this.
| Category | Time Spent (Ms) |
|---|---|
| Script Evaluation | 722.10399999997 |
| Other | 640.64 |
| Style & Layout | 474.176 |
| Rendering | 147.26 |
| Script Parsing & Compilation | 98.952 |
| Parse HTML & CSS | 68.192 |
Metrics
First Contentful Paint — 5.8 s The time taken for the first image or text on the page to be rendered.
Largest Contentful Paint — 10.5 s The timing of the largest text or image that is painted.
Time to Interactive — 11.1 s The time taken for the page to become fully interactive.
Other
First CPU Idle — 8.3 s The time taken for the page's main thread to be quiet enough to handle input.
First Meaningful Paint — 8.3 s The time taken for the primary content of the page to be rendered.
First Contentful Paint (3G) — 12540 ms The time taken for the first image or text on the page to be rendered while on a 3G network.
Opportunities
Eliminate render-blocking resources — Potential savings of 3,820 ms Resources, such as JavaScript and style sheets, can block the first paint of the page. Cambridge.org should consider delivering critical JavaScript/style sheets (JS/CSS) inline and deferring all non-critical JS/CSS.
| URL | Transfer Size (Bytes) | Potential Savings (Ms) |
|---|---|---|
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/css/css_9m8-tA3IQf8ThlLQYTTZUyEweCvyR908Tg0XCbKYOfY.css | 2642 | 180 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/css/css_eJef8fY2h_MxIqmF74vo7jzNlEm6PST8sV4Ni-rHv38.css | 14518 | 180 |
Preload key requests — Potential savings of 3,600 ms Key requests can be preloaded by using '<link rel=preload>'. Cambridge.org should consider using '<link rel=preload>' to prioritize fetching resources that are currently requested later in page load.
| URL | Potential Savings (Ms) |
|---|---|
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/fonts/CambridgeSans-Semibold.otf | 3600 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/fonts/SourceSansPro-Regular.ttf | 3060 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/fonts/CambridgeSans-Light.otf | 3030 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/fonts/CambridgeSans-LightItalic.otf | 3030 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/fonts/CambridgeSans-Medium.otf | 2070 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/fonts/CambridgeSans-Regular.otf | 1830 |
Diagnostics
Serve static assets with an efficient cache policy — 55 resources found Cambridge.org can speed up repeat visits by increasing the cache lifetime, which is essentially how long before a cached copy expires.
| URL | Cache TTL (Ms) | Transfer Size (Bytes) |
|---|---|---|
| https://www.google-analytics.com/plugins/ua/ec.js | 3600000 | 1908 |
| https://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js | 7200000 | 19452 |
| https://js-agent.newrelic.com/nr-1184.min.js | 7200000 | 11248 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/fonts/CambridgeSans-Semibold.otf | 1209600000 | 223146 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/fonts/CambridgeSans-Medium.otf | 1209600000 | 221411 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/fonts/CambridgeSans-Regular.otf | 1209600000 | 217930 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/fonts/CambridgeSans-Light.otf | 1209600000 | 217495 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/fonts/SourceSansPro-Regular.ttf | 1209600000 | 150659 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/images/journals-hero.png | 1209600000 | 147793 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/images/world-of-better-learning-hero.jpg | 1209600000 | 144972 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/images/journals-mobile-hero_0.png | 1209600000 | 132226 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/images/grammar-in-use-hero-wide-2_3.jpg | 1209600000 | 127180 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/images/grammar-in-use-hero-mobile.jpg | 1209600000 | 107738 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/images/partnership-for-education-hero.jpg | 1209600000 | 106995 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/inline-images/Group%20421.svg | 1209600000 | 103993 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/images/partnership-for-education-hero-mobile_0.jpg | 1209600000 | 81271 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/fonts/CambridgeSans-LightItalic.otf | 1209600000 | 79905 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/images/global-nav.svg | 1209600000 | 75792 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/images/world-of-better-learning-hero-mobile_0.jpg | 1209600000 | 73593 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/images/brighter-thinking-blog-hero-mobile.jpg | 1209600000 | 71827 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/images/announcement-desktop_0.gif | 1209600000 | 60865 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/images/brighter-thinking-blog-hero.jpg | 1209600000 | 59155 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/js/js_S35mPRv_YC0mHBLkf5rafDj4J5bfz8NAGdXQIIuohFE.js | 1209600000 | 54715 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/inline-images/cam-one%20%284%29.svg | 1209600000 | 51123 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/images/cup-logo-transparent_b.svg | 1209600000 | 45741 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/images/spriteCorporate.svg | 1209600000 | 44778 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/images/announcement-mobile_0.gif | 1209600000 | 42575 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/images/dictionary-desktop.gif | 1209600000 | 40707 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/images/dictionary-mobile.gif | 1209600000 | 36614 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/css/css_eJef8fY2h_MxIqmF74vo7jzNlEm6PST8sV4Ni-rHv38.css | 1209600000 | 14518 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/images/black-bg.jpg | 1209600000 | 14479 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/inline-images/ql_core.svg | 1209600000 | 7188 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/images/black-bg-mobile.jpg | 1209600000 | 6865 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/inline-images/ql_education.svg | 1209600000 | 5262 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/inline-images/ql_elevate.svg | 1209600000 | 4919 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/inline-images/ql_bibles.svg | 1209600000 | 3678 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/inline-images/ql_authorhub.svg | 1209600000 | 3033 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/css/css_9m8-tA3IQf8ThlLQYTTZUyEweCvyR908Tg0XCbKYOfY.css | 1209600000 | 2642 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/inline-images/newsroom%20%282%29.svg | 1209600000 | 1761 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/images/ic_ig.svg | 1209600000 | 1464 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/images/ic_tw.svg | 1209600000 | 1157 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/images/ic_education.svg | 1209600000 | 1126 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/images/ic_education_w.svg | 1209600000 | 1124 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/images/ic_li.svg | 1209600000 | 1053 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/images/ic_yt.svg | 1209600000 | 1051 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/images/ic_search.svg | 1209600000 | 1043 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/sites/default/files/google_tag/drupal/google_tag.script.js?qe7xjx | 1209600000 | 1026 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/images/ic_academic.svg | 1209600000 | 1026 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/images/ic_academic_w.svg | 1209600000 | 1024 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/images/ic_elt.svg | 1209600000 | 1001 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/images/ic_elt_w.svg | 1209600000 | 1000 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/images/ic_fb.svg | 1209600000 | 958 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/images/ic_close.svg | 1209600000 | 950 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/images/ic_dropdown.svg | 1209600000 | 922 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/images/ic_external-link.svg | 1209600000 | 917 |
Ensure text remains visible during webfont load Make use of the font-display CSS feature, which will ensure text is user-visible while webfonts are loading.
| URL | Potential Savings (Ms) |
|---|---|
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/fonts/CambridgeSans-Regular.otf | 64.708999823779 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/fonts/CambridgeSans-Medium.otf | 47.84099990502 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/fonts/CambridgeSans-Light.otf | 89.627000037581 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/fonts/CambridgeSans-LightItalic.otf | 86.684999987483 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/fonts/CambridgeSans-Semibold.otf | 55.526999756694 |
| https://www.cambridge.org/themes/custom/corporate2020/assets/fonts/SourceSansPro-Regular.ttf | 65.500000026077 |
Accessibility
Indicates how accessible the page is and highlights opportunities where the page can be made more accessible to users of cambridge.org. This includes details about various page attributes that can be optimized.Navigation
`[accesskey]` values are unique Access keys assist users with focusing on different parts of the page. Each access key should be unique for proper navigation.
The page contains a heading, skip link, or landmark region It is advised to provide ways to bypass repetitive content, allowing users to navigate the page efficiently.
`[id]` attributes on active, focusable elements are unique Ensure all focusable elements have a unique id value to allow them to be visible to users of assistive technologies, like a screen reader.
Heading elements appear in a sequentially-descending order Properly order all headers and do not skip heading levels to better the navigation and readability for users of assistive technologies, like a screen reader.
No element has a `[tabindex]` value greater than 0 Although technically valid, a tabindex value greater than 0 often creates frustrating experiences for users who rely on assistive technologies.
ARIA
`[aria-*]` attributes match their roles Avoid mismatching 'aria-*' attributes and their 'role' value, as it invalidates the attribute.
`[aria-hidden="true"]` is not present on the document `<body>` If aria-hidden=true is set on the document body, assistive technologies, like a screen reader will work inconsistently.
`[aria-hidden="true"]` elements do not contain focusable descendents Interactive elements within an aria-hidden=true element are unavailable to users of assistive technologies, like a screen reader.
ARIA input fields have accessible names Generic names are announced to users of assistive technologies, like a screen reader, when an input field does not have an accessible name specified.
`[role]`s have all required `[aria-*]` attributes Some ARIA roles have required 'aria-*' attributes, which provide essential information about state and functionality.
Elements with an ARIA `[role]` that require children to contain a specific `[role]` have all required children. Some ARIA parent roles cannot perform their intended functions if specific child roles are not used.
`[role]`s are contained by their required parent element Some ARIA child roles cannot perform their intended functions if specific parent roles are not used.
`[role]` values are valid All ARIA roles require valid values to perform their intended functions.
ARIA toggle fields have accessible names Generic names are announced to users of assistive technologies, like a screen reader, when a toggle field does not have an accessible name specified.
`[aria-*]` attributes have valid values ARIA attributes cannot be interpreted with invalid values when used by screen readers and other assistive technologies.
`[aria-*]` attributes are valid and not misspelled ARIA attributes cannot be interpreted with invalid names when used by screen readers and other assistive technologies.
ARIA IDs are unique Ensure all ARIA ID values are unique to prevent elements from being overlooked by assistive technologies, like a screen reader.
Names and labels
Buttons have an accessible name Buttons become unusable as they are announced simply as "button" when the button does not have an accessible name, when used by screen readers and other assistive technologies.
Document has a `<title>` element Search engines, screen reader users and other assistive technology users rely on the title to provide an overview of the page and to help determine if the page is relevant to their search.
No form fields have multiple labels Having multiple labels for form fields can be confusing to assistive technologies, like a screen reader.
`<frame>` or `<iframe>` elements have a title Screen reader users and other assistive technology users rely on frame titles to describe the contents of frames.
Image elements have `[alt]` attributes Provide short and descriptive alternative text where possible on informative elements.
`<input type="image">` elements have `[alt]` text Input buttons with alternative text assist screen readers and other assistive technology users to understand its purpose.
Links have a discernible name In order to improve the navigation for screen reader and other assistive technology users, use link text that is unique, focusable and discernible.
`<object>` elements have `[alt]` text It is advised that alt text is used on '<object>' elements in order to provide meaning to screen reader and other assistive technology users, as these technologies are unable to translate non-text content.
Contrast
Background and foreground colors have a sufficient contrast ratio Many (if not most) users find low-contrast text difficult or impossible to read.
Tables and lists
`<dl>`'s contain only properly-ordered `<dt>` and `<dd>` groups, `<script>`, `<template>` or `<div>` elements. Screen readers and other assistive technologies may produce poor and inaccurate output when definition lists are not properly marked up.
Definition list items are wrapped in `<dl>` elements In order for screen readers and other assistive technologies to properly announce definition list items ('<dt>' and '<dd>'), they must be wrapped in parent a '<dl>' element.
Presentational `<table>` elements avoid using `<th>`, `<caption>` or the `[summary]` attribute. It is advised to not include data elements in tables which are used for layout purposes, as it may create confusion for screen reader and other assistive technology users.
Lists contain only `<li>` elements and script supporting elements (`<script>` and `<template>`). Use proper list structure to aid screen readers and other assistive technologies.
List items (`<li>`) are contained within `<ul>` or `<ol>` parent elements In order for screen readers to announce list items, ensure that list items ('<li>') are contained within parent '<ul>' or '<ol>' tags.
Cells in a `<table>` element that use the `[headers]` attribute refer to table cells within the same table. Screen readers and other assistive technologies have features to make navigating tables easier. Ensure that '<td>' cells using the headers attribute only refer to other cells in the same table, to improve screen reader user experience.
`<th>` elements and elements with `[role="columnheader"/"rowheader"]` have data cells they describe. Screen readers and other assistive technologies have features to make navigating tables easier. Ensure that table headers refer to some set of cells, to improve screen reader user experience.
Internationalization and localization
`<html>` element has a `[lang]` attribute It is advised to provide a lang attribute so that screen readers and other assistive technologies are guaranteed to announce the page's text correctly. When not provided, the user's default language setting will be used which may cause inaccuracies.
`<html>` element has a valid value for its `[lang]` attribute Specify a valid BCP 47 language in order to help screen readers and other assistive technologies announce text properly.
`[lang]` attributes have a valid value Specify a valid BCP 47 language on elements in order to help screen readers and other assistive technologies announce text properly.
Best practices
The document does not use `<meta http-equiv="refresh">` Pages that refresh automatically cause a poor user experience as focus is directed back to the top of the page unexpectedly.
`[user-scalable="no"]` is not used in the `<meta name="viewport">` element and the `[maximum-scale]` attribute is not less than 5. For users with low vision who rely on screen magnification, ensure that zooming is not disabled.
Audio and video
`<video>` elements contain a `<track>` element with `[kind="captions"]` Cambridge.org may provide assistance to deaf or hearing-impaired users with captions on videos.
`<video>` elements contain a `<track>` element with `[kind="description"]` Cambridge.org may provide relevant information that dialogue cannot, by using audio descriptions.
Names and labels
Form elements do not have associated labels Screen readers and other assistive technologies rely on labels to properly announce form controls.
| Failing Elements |
|---|
Manual Checks
The page has a logical tab order The visual layout should be logical in its tab order and users cannot focus elements that are offscreen.
Interactive controls are keyboard focusable Ensure that custom interactive controls are keyboard focusable and that a focus indicator is displayed.
Interactive elements indicate their purpose and state Ensure that interactive elements (such as links and buttons) are distinguishable from non-interactive elements and that they indicate their state.
The user's focus is directed to new content added to the page When new content (such as a dialogue) is added to the page, the user's focus should be directed to it.
User focus is not accidentally trapped in a region Avoid focus being accidentally trapped when a user tabs in and out of controls or regions on page.
Custom controls have associated labels Ensure that custom interactive controls have associated labels, which are provided by aria-label and aria-labelledby attributes.
Custom controls have ARIA roles Ensure that all custom interactive controls have appropriate ARIA roles.
Visual order on the page follows DOM order Ensure that the DOM order matches with the page's visual order, in order to improve navigation for screen readers and other assistive technologies.
Offscreen content is hidden from assistive technology Ensure that offscreen content is hidden through the use of "display:none" styling or the aria-hidden attribute.
HTML5 landmark elements are used to improve navigation Elements such as <main> and <nav> are recommended as they are used by screen readers and other assistive technologies to improve keyboard navigation.
Best Practices
Indicates the recommended, best practices currently in place on the page and highlights the best practices that cambridge.org should incorporate. This includes practices such as protecting pages with HTTPS.Audits
Avoids requesting the geolocation permission on page load When requesting a user's location, provide context or consider tying the request to a user action to avoid confusion and mistrust from users.
Avoids requesting the notification permission on page load When requesting permission to send notifications, provide context or consider tying the request to a user action to avoid confusion and mistrust from users.
Avoids front-end JavaScript libraries with known security vulnerabilities Ensure that the use of third-party scripts is minimal and that only trusted third-party scripts are used as some may contain known security vulnerabilities which may be exploited by attackers.
Audits
Allows users to paste into password fields Ensure that password inputs may be pasted into to aid in the user's ability to use password managers and improve security.
Displays images with correct aspect ratio Ensure that image display dimensions match their natural aspect ratio.
Serves images with appropriate resolution For maximum image clarity, ensure images have natural dimensions and are proportional to the display size and pixel ratio.
Fonts with `font-display: optional` are preloaded It is recommended that optional fonts are preloaded.
Audits
Page has the HTML doctype Ensure a doctype is specified to prevent the browser from switching to quirks-mode.
Properly defines charset It is advised to declare a character encoding, optionally via a <meta> tag in the first 1024 bytes of the HTML or in the Content-Type HTTP response header.
Audits
Avoids Application Cache Application cache is deprecated and is no longer recommended.
Detected JavaScript libraries Below is a list of all front-end JavaScript libraries that were detected on the page.
| Name | Version |
|---|---|
| jQuery | 3.5.1 |
Avoids deprecated APIs Avoid deprecated APIs which will eventually be removed the browser.
Page has valid source maps Consider deploying source maps for added benefits such as the ability to debug while in production.
Audits
Does not use HTTPS — 1 insecure request found Ensure that all pages are protected with HTTPS (including those that do not handle sensitive data) as HTTPS prevents tampering and passive listening on communications between the app and its users. Additionally, HTTPS is a prerequisite for HTTP/2 and many new web platform APIs.
| Insecure URL |
|---|
| http://cambridge.org/ |
Links to cross-origin destinations are unsafe Improve performance and prevent security vulnerabilities by adding rel="noopener" and rel="noreferrer" to external links.
| Failing Anchors |
|---|
Audits
Registers an `unload` listener The 'unload' event does not fire reliably, causing issues with browser optimizations such as the Back-Forward Cache. It is recommended that 'pagehide' or 'visibilitychange' events are used instead.
| URL |
|---|
Browser errors were logged to the console Below is a list of all errors logged to the console, which indicate unresolved problems on the site.
| URL | Description |
|---|---|
| https://script.crazyegg.com/pages/scripts/0023/2529.js?447292 | Failed to load resource: the server responded with a status of 403 (Forbidden) |
| https://script.crazyegg.com/pages/scripts/0023/2529.js?447292 | Failed to load resource: the server responded with a status of 403 (Forbidden) |
SEO
Indicates how well the page is optimized for ranking in search engines and highlights Search Engine Optimization (SEO) opportunities for cambridge.org. This includes optimizations such as providing meta data.Mobile Friendly
Has a `<meta name="viewport">` tag with `width` or `initial-scale` It is advised to use a '<meta name="viewport">' tag for the optimization of cambridge.org on mobile screens.
Document uses legible font sizes — 98.9% legible text Font sizes of 12px or less are too small to most mobile users without user gestures and further action. Aim for more than 60% of page text to use font sizes greater than 12px.
| Source | Selector | % of Page Text | Font Size |
|---|---|---|---|
| .hide-text | 1.10% | 0px | |
| #homepage #global-nav | 0.00% | 0px | |
| 98.90% | ≥ 12px |
Content Best Practices
Document has a `<title>` element Search engines, screen reader users and other assistive technology users rely on the title to provide an overview of the page and to help determine if the page is relevant to their search.
Document has a meta description Meta descriptions may be used by search engines when displaying a link to the page and should concisely summarize the page's content.
Image elements have `[alt]` attributes Provide short and descriptive alternative text where possible on informative elements.
Document has a valid `hreflang` Search engines can be instructed to list specific versions of a page for a given language or region through the use of hreflang links.
Document has a valid `rel=canonical` Search engines can be suggested which URL should be shown in search results through the use of canonical links.
Document avoids plugins The content of plugins cannot be indexed by search engines and many devices either restrict or do not support them.
Crawling and Indexing
Page has successful HTTP status code Avoid pages with unsuccessful HTTP status codes as they may not be indexed by search engines.
Page isn’t blocked from indexing Pages that cannot be crawled by search engines cannot be indexed or included in their search results. Ensure that search engines have permission to crawl all pages that should be indexed.
robots.txt is valid Malformed robots.txt files prevent crawlers from understanding how a site wants to be crawled or indexed, which can be devastating to SEO.
Mobile Friendly
Tap targets are not sized appropriately — 62% appropriately sized tap targets Interactive elements (such as buttons and links) should be appropriately spaced, sized and easy enough to select or tap with regard to their surrounding elements.
| Tap Target | Size | Overlapping Target |
|---|---|---|
| 20x20 | ||
| 79x12 | ||
| 93x12 | ||
| 68x12 | ||
| 66x12 | ||
| 48x12 | ||
| 20x20 | ||
| 59x12 | ||
| 130x21 | ||
| 185x21 | ||
| 154x21 | ||
| 119x21 | ||
| 104x21 | ||
| 82x21 | ||
| 81x21 | ||
| 69x21 | ||
| 137x21 | ||
| 52x21 |
Content Best Practices
Links do not have descriptive text — 1 link found Make use of descriptive link text to assist search engines in understanding the content.
| Link destination | Link Text |
|---|---|
| https://www.cambridge.org/about-us/legal-notices/cookies-policy | Read more |
Crawling and Indexing
Links are not crawlable Ensure that the 'href' attribute of anchor elements links to the appropriate destination. This allows for more pages of the site to be discovered by search engines.
| Uncrawlable Link |
|---|
Manual Checks
Structured data is valid Structured data can be validated through the use of the Structured Data Testing Tool and the Structured Data Linter.
Progressive Web App
Indicates how valid the aspects of a Progressive Web App (PWA) are for the page and highlights opportunities to enable/improve the PWA of cambridge.org. This includes details about web app manifests.PWA Optimized
Redirects HTTP traffic to HTTPS It is advised to redirect all HTTP traffic to HTTPS, in order to enable secure web features for all users.
Content is sized correctly for the viewport Ensure that the width of the app's content matches the width of the viewport, otherwise the app might not be optimized for mobile screens.
Has a `<meta name="viewport">` tag with `width` or `initial-scale` It is advised to use a '<meta name="viewport">' tag for the optimization of cambridge.org on mobile screens.
Contains some content when JavaScript is not available Apps should display alternative content for when JavaScript is disabled.
Fast and reliable
Page load is not fast enough on mobile networks — Interactive at 11.1 s Ensure that the page loads fast enough over a cellular network, to ensure good mobile user experience.
Current page does not respond with a 200 when offline In order for Progressive Web Apps to be made available offline, ensure that the app is using a service worker.
`start_url` does not respond with a 200 when offline Consider using a service worker for Progressive Web Apps to ensure greater reliability for the user, in the case of poor network conditions.
Installable
Does not use HTTPS — 1 insecure request found Ensure that all pages are protected with HTTPS (including those that do not handle sensitive data) as HTTPS prevents tampering and passive listening on communications between the app and its users. Additionally, HTTPS is a prerequisite for HTTP/2 and many new web platform APIs.
| Insecure URL |
|---|
| http://cambridge.org/ |
Does not register a service worker that controls page and `start_url` A service worker is used to provide Progressive Web Apps the use of features such as working offline, the ability for the app to be added to the homescreen as well as push notifications.
Web app manifest does not meet the installability requirements User engagement may be increased by leveraging the browsers ability to proactively prompt users to add the app to their homescreen.
View Data
PWA Optimized
Is not configured for a custom splash screen Themed splash screens ensure a high-quality user experience at launch for app users.
View Data
Does not set a theme color for the address bar. A theme may be applied to the browser address bar, which ideally can be made to match the site.
View Data
Does not provide a valid `apple-touch-icon` iOS users of Progressive Web Apps will benefit from an apple touch icon, which can be defined with 'apple-touch-icon', which must point to a non-transparent 192px (or 180px) square PNG.
Manifest doesn't have a maskable icon Maskable icons are great to ensure that images fill the entire shape when installing the app on a device.
Manual Checks
Site works cross-browser Ensure that the Progressive Web App works correctly across every major browser.
Page transitions don't feel like they block on the network Users perceive apps with responsive, snappy transitions as higher peforming and ensures a great user experience, even on a slow network.
Each page has a URL Ensure that all pages are deep linkable via URL. They should also be unique for the purpose of shareability on social media.
Hosting
Server Location
| Server IP Address: | 204.74.99.103 |
| Continent: | North America |
| Country: | United States |
| Region: | |
| City: | |
| Longitude: | -97.822 |
| Latitude: | 37.751 |
| Currencies: | USD USN USS |
| Languages: | English |
Web Hosting Provider
| Name | IP Address |
|---|---|
| UltraDNS Corporation |
Registration
Domain Registrant
| Private Registration: | No |
| Name: | |
| Organization: | Cambridge University Press |
| Country: | GB |
| City: | |
| State: | Cambridge |
| Post Code: | |
| Email: | |
| Phone: |
Note: Registration information is derived from various sources and may be inaccurate.
Domain Registrar
| Name | IP Address |
|---|---|
| Public Interest Registry |
Security
Visitor Safety
| Mature Content: | Not Likely |
| McAfee WebAdvisor Rating: | Safe |
| WOT Rating: | 4.7/5 (7 reviews) |
| WOT Trustworthiness: | 93/100 |
| WOT Child Safety: | 94/100 |
Note: Safety information is not guaranteed.
SSL/TLS Certificate
| Issued To: | sni.cloudflaressl.com |
| Issued By: | Cloudflare Inc ECC CA-3 |
| Valid From: | 5th August, 2020 |
| Valid To: | 5th August, 2021 |
| Subject: | CN = sni.cloudflaressl.com O = Cloudflare, Inc. L = San Francisco S = US |
| Hash: | 4d04c09a |
| Issuer: | CN = Cloudflare Inc ECC CA-3 O = Cloudflare, Inc. S = US |
| Version: | 2 |
| Serial Number: | 8962326372929164600881927123839591293 |
| Serial Number (Hex): | 06BE14CE53B3B37CC668D316B81DA37D |
| Valid From: | 5th August, 2024 |
| Valid To: | 5th August, 2024 |
| Signature Algorithm (Short Name): | ecdsa-with-SHA256 |
| Signature Algorithm (Long Name): | ecdsa-with-SHA256 |
| Authority Key Identifier: | keyid:A5:CE:37:EA:EB:B0:75:0E:94:67:88:B4:45:FA:D9:24:10:87:96:1F |
| Extended Key Usage: | TLS Web Server Authentication, TLS Web Client Authentication |
| CRL Distribution Points: | Full Name: URI:http://crl3.digicert.com/CloudflareIncECCCA-3.crl Full Name: URI:http://crl4.digicert.com/CloudflareIncECCCA-3.crl |
| Certificate Policies: | Policy: 2.16.840.1.114412.1.1 CPS: https://www.digicert.com/CPS Policy: 2.23.140.1.2.2 |
| Authority Information Access: | OCSP - URI:http://ocsp.digicert.com CA Issuers - URI:http://cacerts.digicert.com/CloudflareIncECCCA-3.crt |
| SCT List: | Signed Certificate Timestamp: Version : v1 (0x0) Log ID : F6:5C:94:2F:D1:77:30:22:14:54:18:08:30:94:56:8E: E3:4D:13:19:33:BF:DF:0C:2F:20:0B:CC:4E:F1:64:E3 Timestamp : Aug 5 12:45:30.997 2020 GMT Extensions: none Signature : ecdsa-with-SHA256 30:46:02:21:00:B1:50:81:D7:04:11:B9:E5:86:64:5E: 73:53:4B:B7:39:A9:F4:FC:23:0C:95:F3:B2:A9:0F:92: B2:DA:C1:A0:B5:02:21:00:E3:D8:2B:3B:73:43:1C:0C: E2:76:54:2B:54:B0:3F:0B:5B:43:3D:46:2D:54:DA:77: 15:35:2B:61:72:68:60:5B Signed Certificate Timestamp: Version : v1 (0x0) Log ID : 5C:DC:43:92:FE:E6:AB:45:44:B1:5E:9A:D4:56:E6:10: 37:FB:D5:FA:47:DC:A1:73:94:B2:5E:E6:F6:C7:0E:CA Timestamp : Aug 5 12:45:31.039 2020 GMT Extensions: none Signature : ecdsa-with-SHA256 30:46:02:21:00:E4:8D:33:2D:E8:7C:F4:68:5E:99:36: 41:98:C8:32:46:DC:FD:58:B5:F0:8B:8A:C2:A4:99:B4: 36:41:E9:4B:47:02:21:00:F1:6B:39:41:90:7C:47:13: F1:19:38:59:E6:AD:B8:A5:3C:C5:D8:08:4A:97:A3:DA: B7:C8:79:EA:A6:66:79:EB |
| Key Usage: | Digital Signature |
| Basic Constraints: | CA:FALSE |
| Subject Alternative Name: | DNS:sni.cloudflaressl.com DNS:www.cambridge.org |
Technical
DNS Lookup
A Records
| Host | IP Address | Class | TTL |
|---|---|---|---|
| cambridge.org. | 204.74.99.103 | IN | 299 |
NS Records
| Host | Nameserver | Class | TTL |
|---|---|---|---|
| cambridge.org. | udns1.cscdns.net. | IN | 299 |
| cambridge.org. | udns2.cscdns.uk. | IN | 299 |
MX Records
| Priority | Host | Server | Class | TTL |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4 | cambridge.org. | eu-smtp-inbound-2.mimecast.com. | IN | 299 |
| 4 | cambridge.org. | eu-smtp-inbound-1.mimecast.com. | IN | 299 |
SOA Records
| Domain Name | Primary NS | Responsible Email | TTL |
|---|---|---|---|
| cambridge.org. | udns1.cscdns.net. | premiumdns.support.neustar. | 299 |
TXT Records
| Host | Value | Class | TTL |
|---|---|---|---|
| cambridge.org. | amazonses:q6HVI+PeonYnqfC7kDzNqCrUyIXQnena/tC1RgTQZ/s= | IN | 299 |
| cambridge.org. | google-site-verification=N5etRfpe1AcCZMdSJz5sVicQHzzIr9RbU9cQTjQ94vE | IN | 299 |
| cambridge.org. | v=spf1 | IN | 299 |
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| cambridge.org. | MS=ms83926784 | IN | 299 |
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HTTP Response Headers
| HTTP-Code: | HTTP/1.1 200 OK |
| Date: | 4th September, 2020 |
| Content-Type: | text/html; charset=UTF-8 |
| Cache-Control: | must-revalidate, no-cache, private |
| Expires: | 19th November, 1978 |
| Server: | cloudflare |
| Connection: | keep-alive |
| Set-Cookie: | * |
| Vary: | CF-IPCountry,Accept-Encoding |
| X-Cache: | MISS |
| X-Request-ID: | v-6a3c34ee-eec4-11ea-a203-8bec51de2890 |
| Link: | <https://www.cambridge.org>; rel="shortlink", <https://www.cambridge.org>; rel="canonical" |
| Content-language: | en |
| X-Content-Type-Options: | nosniff |
| X-Generator: | Drupal 8 (https://www.drupal.org) |
| Via: | varnish |
| CF-IPCountry: | US |
| X-UA-Compatible: | IE=edge |
| X-Frame-Options: | SAMEORIGIN |
| X-AH-Environment: | prod |
| Age: | 0 |
| X-Served-From: | aws |
| CF-Cache-Status: | DYNAMIC |
| cf-request-id: | 04fb5c3b97000092104abff200000001 |
| Expect-CT: | max-age=604800, report-uri="https://report-uri.cloudflare.com/cdn-cgi/beacon/expect-ct" |
| CF-RAY: | 5cd8c9728ea59210-EWR |
Whois Lookup
| Created: | 18th April, 1998 |
| Changed: | 29th October, 2019 |
| Expires: | 30th December, 2022 |
| Registrar: | CSC Corporate Domains, Inc. |
| Status: | clientTransferProhibited |
| Nameservers: | udns1.cscdns.net udns2.cscdns.uk |
| Owner Organization: | Cambridge University Press |
| Owner Country: | GB |
| Full Whois: | Domain Name: CAMBRIDGE.ORG
Registry Domain ID: D1128807-LROR Registrar WHOIS Server: whois.cscglobal.com Registrar URL: www.cscglobal.com/global/web/csc/digital-brand Updated Date: 2019-10-29T15:05:13Z Creation Date: 1998-04-18T04:00:00Z Registry Expiry Date: 2022-12-30T16:00:04Z Registrar Registration Expiration Date: Registrar: CSC Corporate Domains, Inc. Registrar IANA ID: 299 Registrar Abuse Contact Email: domainabuse@cscglobal.com Registrar Abuse Contact Phone: +1.8887802723 Reseller: Domain Status: clientTransferProhibited https://icann.org/epp#clientTransferProhibited Registrant Organization: Cambridge University Press Registrant State/Province: Registrant Country: GB Name Server: UDNS1.CSCDNS.NET Name Server: UDNS2.CSCDNS.UK DNSSEC: unsigned URL of the ICANN Whois Inaccuracy Complaint Form https://www.icann.org/wicf/) >>> Last update of WHOIS database: 2021-01-10T04:23:14Z <<< For more information on Whois status codes, please visit https://icann.org/epp Access to Public Interest Registry WHOIS information is provided to assist persons in determining the contents of a domain name registration record in the Public Interest Registry registry database. The data in this record is provided by Public Interest Registry for informational purposes only, and Public Interest Registry does not guarantee its accuracy. This service is intended only for query-based access. You agree that you will use this data only for lawful purposes and that, under no circumstances will you use this data to (a) allow, enable, or otherwise support the transmission by e-mail, telephone, or facsimile of mass unsolicited, commercial advertising or solicitations to entities other than the data recipient's own existing customers; or (b) enable high volume, automated, electronic processes that send queries or data to the systems of Registry Operator, a Registrar, or Afilias except as reasonably necessary to register domain names or modify existing registrations. All rights reserved. Public Interest Registry reserves the right to modify these terms at any time. By submitting this query, you agree to abide by this policy. The Registrar of Record identified in this output may have an RDDS service that can be queried for additional information on how to contact the Registrant, Admin, or Tech contact of the queried domain name. |
Nameservers
| Name | IP Address |
|---|---|
| udns1.cscdns.net | 204.74.66.1 |
| udns2.cscdns.uk | 204.74.111.1 |
Related
Subdomains
| Domain | Subdomain |
|---|---|
| assets | |
| dictionary | |
| ebooks | |
| education | |
| journals |
Similar Sites
| Domain | Valuation | Snoop Score |
|---|---|---|
| $7,591 USD | 3/5 | |
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| $7,345,607 USD | 4/5 | |
| $56,300,444 USD | 5/5 | |
| $1,538,310 USD | 3/5 |
Organic Search (US) Competitors
Backlink Competitors
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| Domain | Valuation | Snoop Score |
|---|---|---|
| 0/5 | ||
| $2,477 USD | 1/5 | |
| 0/5 | ||
| 0/5 |
Sites hosted on the same IP address
| Domain | Valuation | Snoop Score |
|---|---|---|
| 0/5 | ||
| 0/5 | ||
| 0/5 | ||
| $10,698 USD | 3/5 | |
| $5,889 USD | 3/5 |
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